Urinary nitrite/nitrate ratio measured by isotope-dilution LC–MS/MS as a tool to screen for urinary tract infections

Chao, Mu‐Rong; Shih, Ying-Ming; Hsu, Yu‐Wen; Liu, Hung-Hsin; Chang, Yuan-Jhe; Lin, Bo-Huei; Hu, Chiung‐Wen

doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.01.025

Cited by 25 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…LC-ESI-MS/MS Analysis for NO Generation. NO generation in CGNs was assessed by the DAN assay described previously 34 with minor modifications. CGNs were exposed to 2 μM MeHg for 2, 4, and 8 h, and 0.1 mL of medium was removed and mixed with 10 μL of fresh DAN (0.5 mg/mL in 0.62 M HCl) for 10 min at room temperature in the dark.…”

Section: ■ Experimental Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure to Electrophiles Impairs Reactive Persulfide-Dependent Redox Signaling in Neuronal Cells

Ihara

Kasamatsu

Kitamura

et al. 2017

Chem. Res. Toxicol.

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Electrophiles such as methylmercury (MeHg) affect cellular functions by covalent modification with endogenous thiols. Reactive persulfide species were recently reported to mediate antioxidant responses and redox signaling because of their strong nucleophilicity. In this study, we used MeHg as an environmental electrophile and found that exposure of cells to the exogenous electrophile elevated intracellular concentrations of the endogenous electrophilic molecule 8-nitroguanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (8-nitro-cGMP), accompanied by depletion of reactive persulfide species and 8-SH-cGMP which is a metabolite of 8-nitro-cGMP. Exposure to MeHg also induced S-guanylation and activation of H-Ras followed by injury to cerebellar granule neurons. The electrophile-induced activation of redox signaling and the consequent cell damage were attenuated by pretreatment with a reactive persulfide species donor. In conclusion, exogenous electrophiles such as MeHg with strong electrophilicity impair the redox signaling regulatory mechanism, particularly of intracellular reactive persulfide species and therefore lead to cellular pathogenesis. Our results suggest that reactive persulfide species may be potential therapeutic targets for attenuating cell injury by electrophiles.

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Section: ■ Experimental Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure to Electrophiles Impairs Reactive Persulfide-Dependent Redox Signaling in Neuronal Cells

Ihara

Kasamatsu

Kitamura

et al. 2017

Chem. Res. Toxicol.

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“…In this study, the non-negative rates of nitrite, WBCC, bacteria and ECs were all very low, which was not a powerful evidence for UTI screening, as reported by Koeijers et al 19 . Another study reported the nitrite/nitrate ratio determined by the LC-MS/MS was significantly more sensitive (95%) and exhibited a satisfactory specificity (91%) in the screening of UIT 20 . Although WBCs and LE had high non-negative rates in various bacterial infections, they are not suitable for screening UTI alone.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of urinary inflammatory index in rapid screening of urinary tract infection

Huang

Zhang

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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The objective of this study was to assess the diagnosis value of urinary inflammatory index (UII) and systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) for UTI. Nine inflammatory indexes including neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, SII and six UIIs were calculated for Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis to select which one is suitable for the screening of UTIs or distinguishing the types of bacteria. UII3, which calculated from leucocyte esterase (LE), nitrite, white blood cells and bacteria, was preferentially used as an indicator for the diagnosis of UTI when the threshold was set at 0.53. UII2 was more suitable for the distinction between groups when the cutoff is set to 0.94. Appropriate urinary inflammation index calculated by rapid urinalysis of urine dipstick and urine sediment can help us to predict urinary tract infection and bacterial type, and reduce the workload and costs of urine culture.

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“…The bands of interest were cut out in a fume hood. The peptides extracted from the gel and LC‐MS/MS analysis were performed as described previously (Chao et al ., ). The peptides were identified from MS/MS spectra using ProteinPilot software 4.2 by searching against the maize SwissProt database.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

The deposition of CENH3 in maize is stringently regulated

et al. 2019

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The centromere, as an essential element to mediate chromosome segregation, is epigenetically determined by CENH3-containing nucleosomes as a functional marker; therefore the accurate deposition of CENH3 is crucial for chromosome transmission. We characterized the deposition of CENH3 in maize by over-expression and mutational analysis. Our results revealed that over-expressing CENH3 in callus is lethal while over-expressing GFP-CENH3 and CENH3-YFP in callus and plants is not and can be partly deposited normally. Different mutations of GFP-CENH3 demonstrated that CENH3-Thr4 in the N-terminus was needed for the deposition as a positive phosphorylation site and the last five amino acids in the C-terminus are necessary for deposition. The C-terminal tail of CENH3 is confirmed to be responsible for the interaction of CENH3 and histone H4, which indicates that CENH3 maintains deposition in centromeres via interacting with H4 to form stable nucleosomes. For GFP-CENH3 and CENH3-YFP, the fused tags at the termini probably affect the structure of CENH3 and reduce its interaction with other proteins, which in turn could decrease proper deposition. Taken together, multiple amino acids or motifs were shown to play essential roles in CENH3 deposition, which is suggested to be affected by numerous factors in maize.

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Urinary nitrite/nitrate ratio measured by isotope-dilution LC–MS/MS as a tool to screen for urinary tract infections

Cited by 25 publications

References 30 publications

Exposure to Electrophiles Impairs Reactive Persulfide-Dependent Redox Signaling in Neuronal Cells

Exposure to Electrophiles Impairs Reactive Persulfide-Dependent Redox Signaling in Neuronal Cells

Evaluation of urinary inflammatory index in rapid screening of urinary tract infection

The deposition of CENH3 in maize is stringently regulated

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