Urinary Sodium, Potassium and Creatinine Excretion in Hypertensive and Normotensive Australians

Ae, Doyle; Kg, Chua; Duffy, S.

doi:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1976.tb115486.x

Cited by 30 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Assuming that the rate of urinary creatinine excretion is constant, 24 h excretion of creatinine was used as a standard to exclude urine collection judged to be incomplete ( 21 , 28 , 29 ) . Creatinine was measured using the Jaffe method ( 30 ) .…”

Section: Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salt intake of the Slovene population assessed by 24 h urinary sodium excretion

Ribič

Zakotnik

Vertnik

et al. 2010

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: To investigate average sodium excretion in 24 h urine as a marker for salt intake in the Slovene population. Design: Salt intake was determined by measuring sodium excretion in 24 h urine collected from a representative sample of geographically diverse Slovene adults. Setting: Slovenia. Subjects: A random sample of 600 adults aged 25-65 years was generated from census data. The effective sample yield was 143 people, 42?7 % men and 57?3 % women.Results: Urinary sodium excretion was significantly higher in men (220?9 (SD 86?0) mmol Na/d) than in women (169?8 (SD 73?8) mmol Na/d); t test 5 14?5, P , 0?001. Average salt intake was 11?3 (SD 4?9) g/d, higher in men than in women (13?0 (SD 5?1) v. 9?9 (SD 4?3) g/d, respectively). Average intakes of salt among regions were not significantly different. Salt intake increases slightly with increasing age, but there was no significant correlation between age and salt intake. Salt intake was increased with BMI (r 5 0?384, P , 0?001). Conclusions: Salt intake in Slovene adults, especially in men, exceeds the WHO recommended population nutrient intake goal of 5 g by more than twofold. A national programme for reducing salt intake in Slovenia needs to be implemented through systematic efforts including public education and involving the health-care sector and the food industry. Keywords Salt intake 24 h urine collection Body mass index RegionsIn 2005, thirty-five million people died from chronic diseases worldwide, which represents 60 % of the total number of deaths (fifty-eight million) in that year. Of all deaths from chronic diseases in 2005, 30 % were due to CVD (1) . In Slovenia CVD is the leading cause of death (40 % of all deaths) (2) . There is strong conclusive evidence of the adverse effects of excessive dietary salt intake on blood pressure, and high blood pressure is a risk factor for CVD (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)

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Section: Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salt intake of the Slovene population assessed by 24 h urinary sodium excretion

Ribič

Zakotnik

Vertnik

et al. 2010

Public Health Nutr.

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“…These early studies were performed with subjects with a fixed electrolyte intake of 100 mmol/day sodium (Na) and potassium (K). Given average Australian dietary electrolyte intakes, this probably represents mild Na restriction and mild to moderate K loading (Doyle et al 1976;Morgan et al 1978).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potentiation of Acth Hypertension in Man With Salt Loading

Whitworth

Saines

Scoggins

1985

Clin Exp Pharma Physio

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ACTH 1 mg/day for 5 days raises systolic blood pressure (SBP) in normotensive and hypertensive subjects on a fixed electrolyte intake of 100 mmol/day sodium (Na) and potassium (K) (Whitworth et al. 1983). The present study examined the effect of Na intake in the high normal range on the haemodynamic and metabolic responses to ACTH. ACTH administration on a 200-300 mmol Na intake increased SBP by 35 mmHg (s.e.m. = 11, n = 5) compared with the 22 mmHg (s.e.m. = 4, n = 12) rise seen on a 100 mmol Na intake in our previous study. These studies suggest that the effects of adrenocortical steroids on blood pressure in man may be magnified by increasing dietary Na intake.

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“…Also, such patients may have a deficient absorption of sodium from the gut. However, one study found an excessive sodium excretion in hypertensive patients (Doyle et al 1976).…”

Section: Dietary Factors Producing Within-population Differences In Bmentioning

confidence: 97%

Sodium Excess or Potassium Lack as a Cause of Hypertension: A Discussion Paper

Bulpitt

1981

J R Soc Med

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Studies on twins and investigations into the family history of patients with hypertension have conclusively shown that heredity is a determinant of blood pressure. However, the prevalence of hypertension varies within a given race according to certain, possibly environmental factors: geographical location within a country, for example in Japan (Takahashi et al. 1957), Dietary factors producing between-population differences in blood pressure Many dietary constituents are closely related to one another. For example, total calories, carbohydrate, fat, sodium and potassium consumption are all interrelated and the results of studies examining only one factor must be considered with caution. Unacculturated (isolated) societies have been surveyed in many parts of the world, including representatives of several different races, and the results have been reviewed by Dahl

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Urinary Sodium, Potassium and Creatinine Excretion in Hypertensive and Normotensive Australians

Cited by 30 publications

References 2 publications

Salt intake of the Slovene population assessed by 24 h urinary sodium excretion

Salt intake of the Slovene population assessed by 24 h urinary sodium excretion

Potentiation of Acth Hypertension in Man With Salt Loading

Sodium Excess or Potassium Lack as a Cause of Hypertension: A Discussion Paper

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