Urinary-tract infection and bacteraemia in hospitalized medical patients—a European multicentre prevalence survey on nosocomial infection

Jepsen, Otto; Larsen, Severin Olesen; Dankert, J.; Daschner, F; Grönroos, P; Meers, P.D.; Nyström, Bertil; Rotter, M.; Sander, J

doi:10.1016/0195-6701(82)90043-3

Cited by 74 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…[3][4][5] Early detection and eradication of bacteriuria and prevention of recurrence reduce the incidence of subsequent life-threatening consequences of persistent or repetitive urinary tract infection. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of urinary tract infection in both hospitalized and nonhospitalized patients, the predominant causative organisms, and their antimicrobial susceptibilities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urinary Tract Infection at a University Hospital in Saudi Arabia: Incidence, Microbiology, and Antimicrobial Susceptibility

Eltahawy

Khalaf

1988

Ann Saudi Med

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Midstream and catheter stream specimens of urine from inpatients and outpatients at King Abdulaziz University Hospital in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, were collected over a period of 12 months to determine prospectively the incidence of urinary tract infection, the predominant causative organisms, and their antimicrobial susceptibility. A total of 575 of 9845 specimens (5.8%) showed significant bacteriuria. The overall prevalence of urinary tract infection was 12.1%, 7.4% in inpatients and 4.7% in outpatients. Infection was found more frequently in females than males (2:1). Four percent of the patients were catheterized at the time of the survey; 21% of catheterized patients and 6% of noncatheterized patients were infected. A knowledge of local organisms and their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern is invaluable for the empirical treatment of urinary tract infection. Guidelines for the use of the urethral catheter, when introduced and followed, can reduce hospital-acquired urinary tract infection.AT Eltahawy, RMF Khalaf, Urinary Tract Infection at a University Hospital in Saudi Arabia: Incidence, Microbiology, and Antimicrobial Susceptibility. 1988; 8(4): 261-266 MeSH KEYWORDS: Urinary tract infections, microbiology; Escherichia coli infections; Klebsiella infection URINARY TRACT INFECTION is a relatively common condition in both hospitalized and nonhospitalized patients, particularly females.1 Infections of the urinary tract are one important cause of bacteremia due to gram-negative microorganisms in Saudi Arabia 2 and other countries. [3][4][5] Early detection and eradication of bacteriuria and prevention of recurrence reduce the incidence of subsequent life-threatening consequences of persistent or repetitive urinary tract infection. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of urinary tract infection in both hospitalized and nonhospitalized patients, the predominant causative organisms, and their antimicrobial susceptibilities. Materials and MethodsMidstream and catheter stream specimens of urine from inpatients and outpatients were collected over a period of 12 months from October 1985 through September 1986. Patients were given instructions in Arabic on how to wash and collect a midstream specimen of urine in a sterile universal container. Urine samples obtained from indwelling catheters were collected by aspiration from the tube after the tube was cleaned with alcohol pads and

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urinary Tract Infection at a University Hospital in Saudi Arabia: Incidence, Microbiology, and Antimicrobial Susceptibility

Eltahawy

Khalaf

1988

Ann Saudi Med

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“…Bacteraemia, with symptoms such as pyrexia and rigors, sometimes fatal, is a well-recognised complication of catheterisation and urethral instrumentation (Jepsen et al, 1982;Slade and Gillespie, 1985;Kunin, 1987). The risk of bacteraemia is especially great in patients with infected urine.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bacteraemia may occur immediately after operation, or it may be provoked by the removal or change of catheter some days later (Slade, 1958;Talbot, 1962;Cafferkey et al, 1980Cafferkey et al, , 1982. Patients with long-term indwelling catheters are usually nursed in geriatric, orthopaedic and medical wards, often have bacteriuria, and sometimes suffer from bacteraemia (Jepsen et al, 1982;Bjork et al, 1984).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacteriuria and bacteraemia in patients with long-term indwelling catheters-a domiciliary study

Jewes¹,

Gillespie

Leadbetter³

et al. 1988

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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Summary. Men with indwelling catheters and men and women with suprapubic catheters were studied in their homes. Urine and blood were cultured and body temperature recorded after every catheter change. Nearly all patients had infected urine after 4 weeks of catheterisation, and all had bacteriuria after longer periods, usually with a mixture of organisms. Culture on selective media revealed a wider range of organisms than was detected on routine C.L.E.D. and blood agar with antibiotic sensitivity disks, but routine culture gave adequate information for clinical purposes. Bacteraemia was demonstrated after 20 of 197 changes of urethral catheter and after one of 19 changes of suprapubic catheter; but no patient had pyrexia or other symptoms. However, two had rigors on other occasions. When assessing "risk factors" for blood-stream infection in catheterised patients, it is important to record the total incidence of bacteraemia, asymptomatic as well as symptomatic.

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“…In a multicentre study from eight European countries, the overall prevalence of urinary bladder catheterization in hospitalized medical patients was 11% [2]. In a study population of 1581 hospitalized patients, 1341 nursing-home residents and 743 patients receiving home care, Zimakow et al [3] reported a prevalence of indwelling catheterization of 13.2%, 4.9% and 3.9%, respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although a UTI is often considered a relatively harmless infection, Jepsen et al [2] found that the bacteraemia rate among hospitalized, catheterized patients was three times that of uncatheterized patients. Other studies, e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A prospective, controlled, randomized study of the effect of a slow‐release silver device on the frequency of urinary tract infection in newly catheterized patients

Reiche¹,

Lisby²,

Jørgensen³

et al. 2000

BJU International

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Objective To test the effect on urinary tract infections (UTIs) in patients needing continuous indwelling catheterization, of a newly designed urine-collecting system containing an antibacterial device which slowly releases silver ions onto the inner surface of the system. Patients and methods The study comprised a prospective controlled randomized trial; 213 patients ful®lled the inclusion criteria. They were randomized to a urine drainage system (comprising a Unometer 400 metering system or PP 2000N closed urine-bag system, both from Maersk Medical, Denmark) either with or without the antibacterial device. The ef®cacy was assessed as the number of UTIs and the time to infection in the 170 patients eligible for analysis. Results There were fewer UTIs in those using the system containing the antibacterial device (19% vs 24%), but the difference was not statistically signi®cant (P<0.05). Conclusion The potential importance of different infection routes were highlighted, suggesting that modi®cations to Foley catheters and urine-collecting systems attempting to prevent UTIs should focus not only on the intraluminal pathway, but on the internal and external pathways of infection.

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Urinary-tract infection and bacteraemia in hospitalized medical patients—a European multicentre prevalence survey on nosocomial infection

Cited by 74 publications

References 16 publications

Urinary Tract Infection at a University Hospital in Saudi Arabia: Incidence, Microbiology, and Antimicrobial Susceptibility

Urinary Tract Infection at a University Hospital in Saudi Arabia: Incidence, Microbiology, and Antimicrobial Susceptibility

Bacteriuria and bacteraemia in patients with long-term indwelling catheters-a domiciliary study

A prospective, controlled, randomized study of the effect of a slow‐release silver device on the frequency of urinary tract infection in newly catheterized patients

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