Urinary tract infection in febrile under five children in Enugu, South Eastern Nigeria

Ibeneme, CA; Oguonu, Tagbo; Okafor, HU; Ikefuna, AN; Ozumba, UC

doi:10.4103/1119-3077.141430

Cited by 25 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…In children presenting with UTI, 30-40% have underlying vesico-ureteric reflux (VUR), while other congenital anomalies like posterior urethral valves, pelvi-ureteric junction obstruction, ureteroceles and duplex systems are encountered less frequently. 3 Fever, increased frequency, straining on micturition, diarrhoea and offensive urine are the common presentations of childhood UTI. 3,4 Features are often non-specific and it is therefore recommended to perform a semiquantitative urine culture to confirm the diagnosis in children with suspected UTI.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3 Fever, increased frequency, straining on micturition, diarrhoea and offensive urine are the common presentations of childhood UTI. 3,4 Features are often non-specific and it is therefore recommended to perform a semiquantitative urine culture to confirm the diagnosis in children with suspected UTI. 5 Management of UTI is with either oral or parenteral antibiotics depending on the clinical need.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ABS pattern of a particular organism is known to change with time and vary from place to place, resulting in very specific ABS patterns for causative bacteria in different locations. 3,11 Probable reasons for varying antibiotic susceptibility include continued exposure of causative bacteria to antibiotics in both clinical and non-clinical settings, including inappropriate and improper use (wrong dose, wrong duration). A positive correlation between antibiotic usage and development of resistance has been observed in many studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bacterial pathogens causing urinary tract infections in children and their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns in a tertiary care hospital in Sri Lanka

Hathagoda

Dissanayake

et al. 2018

Sri Lankan J Infec Dis

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bacterial pathogens causing urinary tract infections in children and their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns in a tertiary care hospital in Sri Lanka

Hathagoda

Dissanayake

et al. 2018

Sri Lankan J Infec Dis

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“…None of the studies investigated the aetiologies of fever in children under 5 years in sub-Saharan Africa by screening all relevant foci of infection, thus BSI, UTI, RTI and GII together. Patients included in the studies who were selected for our review were outpatients [23][24][25][26], inpatients [20,[27][28][29][30][31][32][33] or the both [18,[34][35][36][37][38]. The mortality rate in the studies that provided this specific information ranged from 1.4 to 22.5% and specifically concerned the inpatient studies [18,20,28,29,33,34].…”

Section: Aetiologies Of Fever In Children Under 5 Yearsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aetiologies of non‐malaria febrile episodes in children under 5 years in sub‐Saharan Africa

Kiemdé

Spijker

Mens

et al. 2016

Tropical Med Int Health

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Abstractobjectives To provide an overview of the most frequent aetiologies found in febrile episodes of children under 5 years from sub-Saharan Africa.methods MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched for publications in English and French on nonmalaria fever episodes in African children under 5 years of age, which were published between January 1990 and July 2015. Case reports and conference abstracts were excluded.results In total, 3851 titles and abstracts were reviewed, and 153 were selected for full screening of which 18 were included in the present review. Bloodstream infection (BSI) was most commonly investigated (nine of 18) followed by urinary tract infection (UTI) (four of 18) and respiratory tract infection (RTI) (two of 18). Few studies investigated BSI and UTI in the same children (two of 18), or BSI and gastrointestinal infection (GII) (one of 18). As for BSI, the most frequently isolated bacteria were E. coli (four of 12), Streptococcus pneumonia (four of 12), Salmonella spp (three of 12) and Staphylococcus aureus (two of 12) with a positive identification rate of 19.7-33.3%, 5.2-27.6%, 11.7-65.4% and 23.5-42.0%, respectively. As for UTI, the main bacteria isolated were E. coli (six of six) and Klebsiella spp (six of six) with a positive rate of 20.0-72.3% and 10.0-28.5%, respectively. No bacterium was isolated in RTI group, but Human influenzae A and B were frequently found, with the highest positive identification rate in Tanzania (75.3%). Dengue virus (two of 12) was the most frequently reported viral infection with a positive identification rate of 16.7-30.8%. Finally, only rotavirus/adenovirus (69.2% positive identification rate) was found in GII and no bacterium was isolated in this group.conclusions The high prevalence of treatable causes of non-malaria fever episodes requires a proper diagnosis of the origin of fever followed by an appropriate treatment, thereby reducing the under-5 mortality in sub-Saharan Africa and preventing the overprescription of antibiotics and thus circumventing the rise of antibiotic resistance.

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“…23 Non-specific symptoms like fever in children are often attributed to malaria in endemic regions. 3,26 There is a need to enlighten the public on the possibility of UTI in febrile young children with extra-renal complaints, especially when they are not responsive to standard antimalarial therapy. Also, there was a misconception among our study participants that UTI occurs only in adults.…”

Section: Perception Of Causes Of Utimentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of parental perception of childhood urinary tract infection in Ondo, Southwestern Nigeria

Abiodun¹,

Oluwafemi²

2017

Nig. J. Paed.

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Abstract:Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is common in children with possible severe complications, deserving public health interventions. Aims: To evaluate parental perception of symptoms, causes, complication and treatment of childhood UTI, and proposerelevant interventions. Methods: This is an ethicallyapproved cross-sectional study using a structured questionnaire comprising a 35-item Likert-like scale on perception of UTI in children with a reliability rating of 0.93. Adequate perception of each variable was defined as mean score ≥ 3.0. Weighted mean scores were tested for significant difference using F-test. Multiple logistic regressions identified possible predictors of adequate perception among the participants. P -value <0.05 was considered significant. Results: Altogether, 600 guardians/parents took part in the study.Their mean age was 29.8±6.5 years and almost two-thirds of them (62.3%) were females. Only 18.3% of the participants had adequate perception of UTI in children. Their grand mean score on perception of UTI was 2.68 ± 0.52. There was an upward trend in weighted mean scores of the various subscales (F-test = 21.63, p=0.000). Significant predictors of adequate perception of UTI in this survey include female gender (OR=16.72; 95% CI: 5.77-48.43), Hausa ethnicity (OR= 0.02; 95% CI: 0.00-0.17) and polygamous family structure (OR= 2.40; 95% CI: 1.16-4.96). Conclusion: There was low parental perception of UTI in children in our study setting. Regular health education on childhood urinary tract disorders is recommended.

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Urinary tract infection in febrile under five children in Enugu, South Eastern Nigeria

Abstract: UTI is common in febrile under-fives especially among females and infants. No association was apparent between the occurrence of UTI and clinical parameters.

Cited by 25 publications

References 14 publications

Bacterial pathogens causing urinary tract infections in children and their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns in a tertiary care hospital in Sri Lanka

Bacterial pathogens causing urinary tract infections in children and their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns in a tertiary care hospital in Sri Lanka

Aetiologies of non‐malaria febrile episodes in children under 5 years in sub‐Saharan Africa

Evaluation of parental perception of childhood urinary tract infection in Ondo, Southwestern Nigeria

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