Urinary Tract Infection in Pregnancy and Its Effects on Maternal and Perinatal Outcome: A Retrospective Study

Abstract

BackgroundA urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common medical condition complicating pregnancy with adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes. This study aimed to assess any adverse maternal and perinatal morbidity related to UTI in pregnancy, focusing on identifying common uropathogens and their antibiotic sensitivity and resistance patterns. MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study at Corniche Hospital, Abu Dhabi. The study population consisted of 549 women in the exposed group (i.e., those with at least one episode of UTI in pregnancy in 2018) and 329 in the comparison group (i.e., those without UTI). Statistical analysis was done using SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 19.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL). The study's primary outcome measures were preterm birth, recurrent UTI, pyelonephritis, and low birth weight (LBW). ResultsWomen who had a UTI during pregnancy had more preterm deliveries than those without a UTI (c2=7.092; p=0.007). Recurrent UTI was observed in 26.6% of women with UTI, while the incidence of pyelonephritis was relatively low in this group (1.45%). There was no significant association between LBW and UTI in pregnancy (c 2 =0.097; p=0.756). The most common bacteria isolated from women with UTI were Group B Streptococcus (GBS, 31.3%), followed by Escherichia coli (30.9%). They were sensitive to a wide range of antibiotics. ConclusionAccording to our results, significant predictors of bacteriuria in pregnancy history include UTI, renal calculi, and nulliparity. Women with UTI in pregnancy are more likely to have preterm delivery. However, adequate management can minimize other complications like pyelonephritis and adverse perinatal outcomes. Available evidence prompts the recommendation of routine screening for asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) in early pregnancy to minimize complications and identify those women at significant risk for preterm delivery.

The risk factors for Group B Streptococcus colonization during pregnancy and influences of intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis on maternal and neonatal outcomes

“…GBS infection can lead to invasive diseases such as bacteremia and skin/soft tissue infection in nonpregnant adults, the burden of which has been increased significantly during the past few years [ 2 – 4 ]. The GBS carriage of pregnant women can be chronic, intermittent or transient and is implicated in urinary tract infection, premature rupture of membranes, and preterm birth [ 5 – 7 ]. According to a literature, the prevalence of GBS invasive diseases in pregnant women was twice as much as that in nonpregnant women [ 8 ].…”

Assessment of Maternal Contributing Factors of Preterm Birth in

“…Balachandran et al showed women with UTI during pregnancy to be more likely to have preterm delivery (12) . According to a meta-analysis conducted by Palupi et al (2022), in pregnant women with UTI, the occurrence of preterm labor increased by 2.19 times as compared with those without (13) .…”

Pregnancy Outcomes in a Cohort of Patients Who Underwent Double-J Ureteric Stenting—A Single Center Experience

“…were the main determinants of infectious complications in our cohort of patients. This bacterial spectrum corresponds to the pathogenic microorganisms associated with UTI in pregnancy [ 27 , 28 , 29 ]. All patients underwent antibioprophilaxis with a third-generation cephalosporin, Ceftriaxone, which was continued for 14 days if an UTI was confirmed by urine culture.…”