US case of the day. Congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) brain infection.

Kapilivsky, A; Garfinkle, William; Rosenberg, Henrietta Kotlus; Peters, Brigitte; Kirby, Cheryl L.; Stassi, J; Horrow, Mindy M.

doi:10.1148/radiographics.15.1.7899609

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Furthermore, it is thought that the scattered cerebral calcifications seen in the basal ganglia and thalami may correlate to the severity of the disease [8]. The encephaloclastic effect of the virus disturbs the cell proliferation in the developing brain, causing brain atrophy, and dilated ventricles may be seen as a result.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The CMV virus, which is a double-stranded DNA virus, has a predisposition for the neuroblasts of the germinal matrix. This forms in the seventh week of gestation [ 8 – 10 ]. Infection before the eighth week of gestation leads to lissencephaly, when CMV interferes with neuronal migration [ 4 ], whereas infection between 18 and 24 weeks of gestation results in focal dysplastic cortices [ 2 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Subependymal cystic lesions or calcifications, which develop during the second trimester, are thought to be the result of the necrotizing inflammatory effect of CMV on the subependymal germinal matrix of the lateral ventricles [ 2 , 8 ]. Furthermore, it is thought that the scattered cerebral calcifications seen in the basal ganglia and thalami may correlate to the severity of the disease [ 8 ]. The encephaloclastic effect of the virus disturbs the cell proliferation in the developing brain, causing brain atrophy, and dilated ventricles may be seen as a result.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The encephaloclastic effect of the virus disturbs the cell proliferation in the developing brain, causing brain atrophy, and dilated ventricles may be seen as a result. Ventriculomegaly may also be a result of vasculitis or inflammatory exudates obstructing the flow of cerebrospinal fluid [ 8 , 9 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sequence and Timing of Intracranial Changes in Cytomegalovirus in Pregnancy: A Case Report and Literature Review

OʼSullivan

Arulkumaran

Lakasing

et al. 2017

Case Reports in Obstetrics and Gynecology

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Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is the most common cause of intrauterine infection, occurring in up to 2% of all live births. Most women are asymptomatic or experience nonspecific symptoms, which can lead to long-term sequelae in newborns including neurological impairment, hearing loss, and mental retardation. A 41-year-old woman (G6 P2), with a medical history of epilepsy, presented for her routine anomaly scan at 20 + 4/40. A single finding of echogenic bowel was noted on ultrasound which prompted a full investigation. A repeat ultrasound only five days later demonstrated progressive changes, which included bilateral ventriculomegaly with oedema of the posterior ventricular wall, periventricular hyperechogenicity, and enlargement of the cisterna magna. CMV DNA was detected at amniocentesis. Ultrasound findings are not diagnostic for CMV with only 11–15% of at-risk fetuses being identified. Unfortunately, these findings may be the only indication of an abnormality. There is a well-documented lack of awareness surrounding CMV and screening is not routinely offered. Given the risk to the pregnancy of CMV and to subsequent pregnancies, simple education at the start of a pregnancy could significantly reduce the incidence of maternal CMV.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Sequence and Timing of Intracranial Changes in Cytomegalovirus in Pregnancy: A Case Report and Literature Review

OʼSullivan

Arulkumaran

Lakasing

et al. 2017

Case Reports in Obstetrics and Gynecology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The formation of intracranial calcifications is thought to occur as a result of a necrotizing inflammation caused by CMV on the subependymal germinal matrix of the lateral ventricles [Kapilivsky et al, 1995]. It is unclear whether hearing loss is derived from poor auditory processing in the higher centres as a result of this damage alone, whether this is due to direct damage of the inner ear by a similar mechanism, or whether it is a combination of both.…”

Section: Associated Brain Abnormalitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do Filling Defects of the Vestibule Represent a Neuroradiological Marker for Congenital Cytomegalovirus? A Retrospective Case Series

et al. 2022

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Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate whether radiological marker(s) of the inner ear can be detected in congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) patients with severe-profound sensorineural hearing loss. Methods: A retrospective imaging review of confirmed cCMV paediatric patients that had undergone consecutive cochlear implantation was performed at a tertiary hospital. Available pre- and postoperative imaging was examined, and abnormalities of the labyrinth were catalogued by a consultant neuroradiologist in the study group and control group. Results: Twenty-eight paediatric patients with cCMV having undergone cochlear implantation were identified between the ages of 1–15 years (mean 4.7 years) at the time of implantation. Increased density of the vestibule on computed tomography (CT) or filling defects of the vestibule on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were identified in 11 and 4 patients, respectively, of the 24 in the case series. No filling defects were identified in any of the 48 CT and MRI control group. Conclusion: This study demonstrates a potential novel radiological finding of the inner ear of patients with cCMV. With more research, greater onus placed on MRI and CT for inner ear assessment may facilitate early detection and treatment for patients at risk of significant hearing loss. Further prospective studies in this area will help to validate radiological markers in order to establish a comprehensive inner ear classification system for neuroradiological features in cCMV.

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Antenatal Cerebral Pathologies of Infectious Origin

Garel

2004

MRI of the Fetal Brain

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US case of the day. Congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) brain infection.

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Sequence and Timing of Intracranial Changes in Cytomegalovirus in Pregnancy: A Case Report and Literature Review

Sequence and Timing of Intracranial Changes in Cytomegalovirus in Pregnancy: A Case Report and Literature Review

Do Filling Defects of the Vestibule Represent a Neuroradiological Marker for Congenital Cytomegalovirus? A Retrospective Case Series

Antenatal Cerebral Pathologies of Infectious Origin

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