US DOE National Energy Technology Laboratory's Post Combustion Carbon Capture R&D Program

Abstract

The U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Fossil Energy Program has adopted a comprehensive, multi-pronged approach to the research and development (R&D) of advanced carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) capture technologies for coal-based power plants. Under this program, the National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) is conducting research to develop the next generation of advanced capture concepts for coal-based power plants. Research projects are carried out using various funding mechanisms -including partnerships, cooperative agreements, and financial assistance grants -with corporations, small businesses, universities, nonprofit organizations, and other national laboratories and government agencies. Current efforts cover not only improvements to state-of-the-art, first generation technologies, but also the development of second and third generation advanced CO 2 capture technologies. In addition, DOE/NETL is conducting technical-economic analyses to establish the baseline cost and performance for current CO 2 capture technologies and determine the feasibility of advanced capture and compression technologies.The overall goal of the DOE/NETL CO 2 capture R&D program is to develop advanced technologies that achieve at least 90 percent CO 2 capture with a corresponding cost and energy penalty reduction of 50 percent compared to current state-of-the art technologies applied to pulverized coal combustion and integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) power plants. Critical R&D targets include the completion of laboratory-and small pilot-scale testing of a broad spectrum of CO 2 capture approaches, including advanced solvents, sorbents, membranes, oxy-combustion, and chemical looping combustion by 2016; completion of large pilot-scale testing by 2020; and full-scale demonstrations of the most promising technologies beginning by 2020. It is anticipated that successful progression from laboratory-through full-scale demonstration will result in several of these advanced technologies being available for commercial deployment by 2030.The purpose of this paper is to provide an update on the R&D efforts of advanced post-combustion CO 2 capture technologies for coal-based power systems being conducted by DOE/NETL.

Formation Constants and Conformational Analysis of Carbamates in Aqueous Solutions of 2-Methylpiperidine and CO2 from 283 to 313 K by NMR Spectroscopy

“…The chemical absorption of CO 2 into aqueous amine solvents is the most commonly used method to remove the greenhouse gas from the postcombustion exhaust gases of industrial plants. This removal method is very expensive, largely because of the energy cost of regenerating the solvent . A novel approach has recently been reported which makes use of amines that phase-separate into amine-rich and water-rich phases when heated, but are miscible at low temperatures. , The phase separation is beneficial because it causes the absorbed CO 2 to preconcentrate into the aqueous phase, which can be selectively removed for CO 2 desorption.…”

Technoeconomic Analysis of the Electrochemically Mediated Amine Regeneration CO2 Capture Process

“…Several challenges have slowed down its rapid deployment on very large scales (above 1 Mt CO 2 annually). Among these, challenges include the chemical instability of amines, − the need to modify steam cycles when retrofitting existing power and chemical plants, , the high operational costs for carbon capture, , and high-energy penalty (up to 10%) of coal-fired power plants. − Many efforts have been made to address these challenges …”

Effect of magnetic field on the ammonia‐based CO2 absorption process

“…[10][11][12][13][14] Currently, due to the renewable energy requirements and low energy consumption for the regeneration, [15][16][17] ammonia-based CO 2 capture technology has been deemed to have the potential to achieve the aims of high energy efficiency, low energy consumption, and relatively lower initial capital and operating costs, compared with monoethanolamine (MEA). [18][19][20][21][22][23] It is also promising in terms of carbon dioxide removal efficiency. [24][25][26] For the purposes of reducing the volume of reaction equipment and improving the energy efficiency, the removal efficiency should be further improved.…”