US laws that protect tobacco users from employment discrimination

Malouff, John M.; Slade, John; Nielsen, Caroline Louise; Schütte, Norbert; Lawson, Emma

doi:10.1136/tc.2.2.132

Cited by 10 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Non-smokers especially tend to perceive smokers as being less clean than non-smokers (Seiter et al 2010). In the organizational context, tobacco odors on the breath of an employee can be perceived as problematic (Malouff et al 1993). Cigarette smells could, for instance, be perceived as offensive to customers and may fuel ones' reluctance to hire smokers.…”

Section: Stable Attitudes and Situational Factors As Moderators Of Rementioning

confidence: 98%

“…Other arguments include corporate aspirations such as physically fit employees or extremely sanitized workspaces free of tobacco odors (Malouff et al 1993). These organizational practices have been embraced by tobacco control proponents (e.g., the National Cancer Institute) as another way to dissuade cigarette use (Houle and Siegel 2009).…”

Section: Hiring Smokers: Legislation Practices and (The Lack Of) Rementioning

confidence: 99%

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Smoking as a Job Killer: Reactions to Smokers in Personnel Selection

Roulin

Bhatnagar

2016

J Bus Ethics

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Decades of tobacco control initiatives have turned public opinion against cigarette smoking. Smokers, once considered glamorous, are now stigmatized in domains including the workplace. Extant literature lacks scrutiny of smoker stigmatization and devaluation within the job selection process, and mechanisms that lead to such outcomes. Using an experimental design, we empirically examine initial reactions to job applicants' smoking behaviors within two samples (N = 122 Canadian business students, and N = 143 online U.S. respondents with hiring experience). We show that initial impressions are significantly worse when job applicants smoke versus do not in a store-based context. Moreover, this effect occurs indirectly through perceived likelihood of engaging in counterproductive work behaviors (and to some extent negative emotions experienced), and is conditional upon respondents' own attitudes towards smoking (particularly within the U.S. sample). These relationships-similar for customer service and inventory management jobs-are indicative of potential biases within the hiring process. Implications of these findings, and the moral dilemmas they raise around the treatment of smokers, are discussed from the ethical perspective of human resource management.

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Section: Stable Attitudes and Situational Factors As Moderators Of Rementioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Hiring Smokers: Legislation Practices and (The Lack Of) Rementioning

confidence: 99%

Smoking as a Job Killer: Reactions to Smokers in Personnel Selection

Roulin

Bhatnagar

2016

J Bus Ethics

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“…In response, the tobacco industry, working in concert with its paid ally, the American Civil Liberties Union, aggressively promoted smokers' rights/smoker protection laws in state legislatures 146 147. The first such law was passed in 1989; by 1993, 25 states had passed some type of law protecting smokers from employment discrimination (although they varied in the allowable exceptions, whether non-smokers were equally protected and whether the law also outlawed charging higher prices to smokers for employer subsidised health insurance) 148. Currently, 21 states have no laws governing such non-smoker hiring practices by private employers 149…”

Section: Smoker/non-smoker Hiring Policiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Businesses' voluntary pro-health tobacco policies: a review and research agenda

McDaniel

Malone

2011

Tob Control

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Research on the role of businesses in tobacco control has focused primarily on retailers, advertising firms and the hospitality industry, all of which have tended to support tobacco industry interests and resist effective tobacco control policies. However, in several countries, businesses have a history of voluntarily adopting tobacco-related policies that may advance tobacco control objectives. These phenomena have received little research attention. Existing literature on businesses ending tobacco sales, instituting voluntary workplace smoking restrictions and establishing non-smoker only hiring policies was reviewed. A research agenda on voluntary business initiatives would enhance and complement research on mandatory tobacco control policies by identifying new advocacy opportunities; suggesting avenues for strengthening or reinforcing existing policy initiatives; laying the groundwork for new mandatory policies; helping to inform ethical debates about contentious voluntary policies; and contributing to a better understanding of how alliances between the tobacco industry and other businesses might be weakened.

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“…In all six states reviewed, the tobacco industry tried to shift the focus from the credibility of the scien tific evidence on the health hazards of ETS to the con troversial social issue of personal freedom; specifically, the industry lobbied extensively for including nondis crimination clauses in legislation to restrict smoking (Malouff et al 1993). Another common strategy that the tobacco industry has used is to support the pas sage of state laws that preempt more stringent local ordinances (Brownson et al 1995b).…”

Section: Case Studies Of State and Local Smoking Restrictionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Randomized Trial of Reduced-Nicotine Standards for Cigarettes

Goldstein

2016

N Engl J Med

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US laws that protect tobacco users from employment discrimination

Cited by 10 publications

References 3 publications

Smoking as a Job Killer: Reactions to Smokers in Personnel Selection

Smoking as a Job Killer: Reactions to Smokers in Personnel Selection

Businesses' voluntary pro-health tobacco policies: a review and research agenda

Randomized Trial of Reduced-Nicotine Standards for Cigarettes

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