Usability, Accessibility and Web Security Assessment of E-government Websites in Tanzania

Elisa, Noe

doi:10.5120/ijca2017913632

Cited by 29 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…In the final phase of the study, it turned out that 55% of Kyrgyz websites used an outdated version of a content management system that contained public vulnerabilities. Noe [34] examined 79 Tanzanian e-government websites for usability, accessibility, and security aspects. The analysis used automated diagnostic tools such as Pingdom, Google Speed Insight, WAVE, W3C Checker, and Acunetix.…”

Section: Comprehensive Website Tests Based On Accessibility Availabimentioning

confidence: 99%

Accessibility, usability, and security evaluation of Hungarian government websites

Csontos

Heckl

2020

Univ Access Inf Soc

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Public sector bodies are increasingly relying on the Internet. On this channel, indispensable information is transmitted to the public and a wide range of services is already available. Therefore, the usability, accessibility, and the security of these websites are very important. Accessibility is particularly crucial for persons with disabilities. The accessibility of public service websites is regulated by a number of laws; among others, the directive "on the accessibility of the websites and mobile applications of public sector bodies" adopted by the European Parliament in 2016. This obliges all European Union member states to make all public sector websites and mobile applications accessible by 23 September 2021. In practice, this means that websites must fulfil the level AA recommendations in WCAG 2.1. In our study, a website assessment method is developed by comparing different analytical tools. With this method, we analysed how Hungarian websites of public sector bodies fulfil the requirements of the directive. We have also investigated how well they comply with usability and security guidelines. The results showed that none of the 25 websites of the examined Hungarian public sector bodies could completely fulfil the recommendations of the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) and that half of the websites had only the lowest level of compliance in usability tests. From the security point of view, almost half of the websites use outdated server versions and programming language, which is very critical. We have proposed several suggestions to address the major problems, so website developers and administrators can improve the accessibility, usability, and security aspects of these websites.

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Section: Comprehensive Website Tests Based On Accessibility Availabimentioning

confidence: 99%

Accessibility, usability, and security evaluation of Hungarian government websites

Csontos

Heckl

2020

Univ Access Inf Soc

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“…Some authors have already started experimenting with such three-way evaluations, e.g. [ 22 , 28 , 42 ]. We can start with the WCAG accessibility guidelines, and then extend them to encapsulate the cyber security domain.…”

Section: Signposting the Way Forwardmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accessible and Inclusive Cyber Security: A Nuanced and Complex Challenge

Renaud

Coles-Kemp

2022

SN COMPUT. SCI.

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It has been argued that human-centred security design needs to accommodate the considerations of three dimensions: (1) security, (2) usability and (3) accessibility. The latter has not yet received much attention. Now that governments and health services are increasingly requiring their citizens/patients to use online services, the need for accessible security and privacy has become far more pressing. The reality is that, for many, security measures are often exasperatingly inaccessible. Regardless of the outcome of the debate about the social acceptability of compelling people to access public services online, we still need to design accessibility into these systems, or risk excluding and marginalising swathes of the population who cannot use these systems in the same way as abled users. These users are particularly vulnerable to attack and online deception not only because security and privacy controls are inaccessible but also because they often struggle with depleted resources and capabilities together with less social, economic and political resilience. This conceptual paper contemplates the accessible dimension of human-centred security and its impact on the inclusivity of security technologies. We scope the range of vulnerabilities that can result from a lack of accessibility in security solutions and contemplate the nuances and complex challenges inherent in making security accessible. We conclude by suggesting a number of avenues for future work in this space.

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“…Sonuçlara göre web sitelerinin önemli bir kısmının kötü amaçlı yazılımlar ı taşıdığını ve güncel olmayan yazılımlara sahip olduğunu göstermiştir. Bir başka çalışmada, Tanzanya'da seçilmiş 79 adet e-devlet web sitesinin farklı kriterlere göre incelenmiştir [24] ve kamu kurumlarının yaklaşık %50'sinde güvenlik açıkları tespit edilmiştir. Libya hükümetine ait 16 web sitesinin güvenlik değerlendirilmes i yapıldığı bir çalışmada güvenlik açıklarının sayısı ve güvenlik politikalarının düzeyleri karşılaştırılmıştır [25].…”

Section: Web Güvenliği (Web Security)unclassified

Evaluating The Accessibility, Usability, and Security of Turkish Universities’ Prospective Student Web Pages

Macakoğlu

Peker

Medeni

et al. 2022

Bilişim Teknolojileri Dergisi

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Üniversitelerin aday öğrenci web sayfaları sosyal ve akademik anlamda paydaşlarına bilgi sağlama konusunda önemli bir iletişim kaynağıdır, bu sebeple bu sayfaların kullanımının kolay, güvenli ve erişilebilirlik standartlarına uygun olması beklenir. Bu makale, Türkiye’deki üniversitelerin aday öğrenci web sayfalarının erişilebilirlik, kullanılabilirlik ve güvenlik değerlendirmesini sunmaktadır. Bu amaçla, üniversitelerin aday öğrencilerine yönelik 147 adet web sayfası tespit edilmiş ve çeşitli otomatik test araçları ile değerlendirilmiştir. Ayrıca, değerlendirme sonrası üniversitelerin benzer davranış kalıplarının belirlenmesi amacıyla kümeleme analizi yapılmıştır. Sonuçlar, devlet ya da vakıf fark etmeksizin üniversitelerin büyük çoğunluğunun erişilebilirlik ve kullanım kalitesine daha az dikkat ettiğini göstermiştir. Değerlendirilen web sayfalarının WCAG 2.0 yönergesine göre düşük uyumluluk seviyesine sahip olduğu görüldü. Güvenlik açısından kritik bir sorun tespit edilmemiştir ancak geliştirilmesi gereken belirli noktalar bulunmuştur. Ayrıca bu çalışma, web sayfalarının erişilebilirlik, kullanılabilirlik ve güvenlik ihlallerin çözülebilmesi için geliştiricilere ve yöneticilere bazı değerli öneriler sunmaktadır.

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Usability, Accessibility and Web Security Assessment of E-government Websites in Tanzania

Cited by 29 publications

References 9 publications

Accessibility, usability, and security evaluation of Hungarian government websites

Accessibility, usability, and security evaluation of Hungarian government websites

Accessible and Inclusive Cyber Security: A Nuanced and Complex Challenge

Evaluating The Accessibility, Usability, and Security of Turkish Universities’ Prospective Student Web Pages

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