Use and Assessment of PSA in Prostate Cancer

Gjertson, Carl K.; Albertsen, Peter C.

doi:10.1016/j.mcna.2010.08.024

Cited by 41 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The disruption of the normal prostatic architecture by prostate growth, BPH and inflammation, including prostatitis, can also lead to elevated serum PSA levels. 7 PSA is expressed as a prepro-protein and exists in several different molecular forms. Pro-PSA is the latent form of the PSA enzyme and has to be activated extracellularly by the action of specific proteases, most probably kallikrein-2, -4 or -5 [8][9][10] The serum PSA test measures total PSA, which consists of all immunodetectable PSA, comprised mostly of free uncomplexed PSA and PSA bound to the protein inhibitor a1-antichymotrypsin (ACT).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PSA affects prostate cancer cell invasion in vitro and induces an osteoblastic phenotype in bone in vivo

Cumming

Hopmans

Vukmirović-Popović

et al. 2011

Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis

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BACKGROUND:Patients with advanced prostate cancer frequently have a poor prognosis as a result of metastasis and present with high serum PSA levels. There is evidence suggesting that the serine protease activity of PSA could be involved in the invasion and metastasis of prostate cancer. In this study, we determined the effects of PSA and its precursor, pro-PSA, on invasion and the type of bone metastasis. METHODS:We stably transfected prostate adenocarcinoma cells, human DU-145 and rat MatLyLu, with either the fulllength prepro-PSA sequence or pre-PSA DNA, to generate subclones of cells that secrete pro-PSA or free PSA, respectively. Secretion of PSA was measured by western blot analysis and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The invasive and migratory properties of the cells were determined using a basement membrane extract and were compared with corresponding empty vector control cells. Twelve days after injection of PSA-secreting MatLyLu cells into the femora of nude mice, bone tumor burden and histomorphometry were determined using a stereological technique. RESULTS:The transfected cells secreted 0.15-2.23 ng PSA/10 6 cells/day. Pro-PSA-secreting subclones increased invasion and migration by 24-263%. Conversely, the PSA-secreting subclones significantly reduced both invasion and migration by 59-70%. The divergent effects on invasion and migration observed in pro-PSA-and PSA-secreting subclones indicate that different forms of PSA may have different functions. Intrafemoral injections with PSA-secreting MatLyLu cells resulted in an increase in osteoblastic parameters when compared with non-PSA-secreting subclones as measured by bone histomorphometry. Concomitantly, a decrease in osteoclasts and eroded surface was observed.CONCLUSIONS: Our in vitro data suggest that PSA, dependent on the predominant form secreted, may decrease or increase invasive properties of prostate cancer cells. The in vivo results indicate that PSA in the bone microenvironment may contribute to the osteoblastic phenotype of bone metastasis frequently observed in prostate cancer.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PSA affects prostate cancer cell invasion in vitro and induces an osteoblastic phenotype in bone in vivo

Cumming

Hopmans

Vukmirović-Popović

et al. 2011

Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis

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“…El valor de PSA mayor de 4 ng/mL se considera como punto de corte de detección de cáncer de próstata en vista del incremento evidente de la detección del cáncer a partir de este valor (3) . Sin embargo, en un estudio sobre prevención de cáncer de próstata en Estados Unidos se siguió a pacientes mayores de 55 años con PSA entre 0,5 a 4 ng/mL con tacto rectal normal por un lapso de 7 años, se les realizó biopsia al final del estudio (incluso al grupo control), y se encontró cáncer en el 6,6 a 26,9%.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Asimismo, se evidenció una disminución de peso en 15 kg, a partir del inicio de la enfermedad. 3 ; glucosa, 91 mg/dL; creatinina, 1,0 mg/dL; urea, 26 mg/dL; examen completo de orina sin alteraciones; VSG, 48 mm/h; proteína C reactiva, 3,76 mg/mL (VN: 0-3 mg/mL); fosfatasa alcalina, 137 U/L (VN: 40-180 U/L); transaminasas normales; albúmina, 3,8 g/mL; globulinas, 2,7 g/mL; calcio sérico, 8,9 mg/mL. La radiografía lumbosacra mostró aplastamiento del cuerpo vertebral L1 y pinzamiento de vértebras L5-S1.…”

Section: Reporte De Casounclassified

“…Descubierta y utilizada desde fines de la década de los ochenta, ha servido para detectar un mayor número de casos de cáncer de próstata, especialmente en pacientes asintomáticos que corresponden a estadios más tempranos de enfermedad (3)(4)(5) . En la mayoría de casos el valor de PSA se eleva según progresa la enfermedad, siendo infrecuente los casos reportados con metástasis y valores bajos de PSA (6) .…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Cáncer de próstata metastásico asociado a valores bajos de antígeno prostático específico

Díaz

Salirrosas

2014

Rev Peru Med Exp Salud Publica

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RESUMENSe reporta el caso de un paciente de 67 años que presenta dolor en el glúteo derecho que se irradia hacia los muslos afectando la bipedestación y la marcha. Con tiempo de enfermedad de cuatro meses, asociado con la disminución de 15 kg de peso; se realizaron exámenes de imágenes donde se encontró un proceso infiltrativo de hueso sacro. La biopsia se informó como lesión de tejido óseo infiltrado por adenocarcinoma poco diferenciado. La evaluación urológica clínica, a pesar del valor del antígeno prostático específico (PSA total: 4,62 mg/dL), encontró una lesión nodular menor a un centímetro en el examen de tacto rectal. La biopsia de próstata evidenció un adenocarcinoma pobremente diferenciado (score de Gleason: 8). La gammagrafía ósea mostró lesiones activas relacionadas con metástasis en tercio medio de clavícula derecha, hueso sacro y región púbica derecha. Palabras clave: Cáncer de próstata; Antígeno prostático específico; Metástasis de la neoplasia (fuente: DeCS BIREME). METASTATIC PROSTATE CANCER ASSOCIATED WITH LOW LEVELS OF PROSTATE-SPECIFIC ANTIGEN ABSTRACTA case was reported of a 67-year-old patient with right buttock pain radiating to the thighs and affecting his bipedalism and gait. With four months into the disease and a weight loss of 15 kilos, the patient underwent imaging tests which showed sacrum infiltration. The biopsy diagnosis was injury of bone tissue infiltrated by poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. The rectal examination performed as part of the clinical urologic examination revealed a nodular lesion of less than one centimeter, despite the level of prostate-specific antigen (total PSA: 4.62 mg/dL). The prostate biopsy evidenced a poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma (Gleason score: 8). The bone scan showed active lesions associated with metastasis in the middle third of the right clavicle, the sacrum and the right pubic region.

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“…Common data underline the importance of prevention, early disease detection and improvement of diagnostic and therapy procedures [22,23]. Assessment of Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) is commonly used parameter in control of the effectiveness and results of treatment [24,25]. CD10 shows high expression in normal prostatic luminal epithelial cells, but this expression in cancer cases present different pattern [26].…”

Section: Prostate Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Significance of CD10 Expression in Cancer

Wlodek¹

2017

ICPJL

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CD10 is a zinc-dependant metalloproteinase, the expression of which can be observed on numerous tissues such as epithelial cells of the lung, intestine, kidney, breast and placenta. Earlier research studies have shown, that CD10 expression is commonly observed in different types of carcinomas. Furthermore, there is an association between CD10 expression and tumor size and histological grade. Expression of CD10 might help with assessment of disease status, progression and prognosis.

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Use and Assessment of PSA in Prostate Cancer

Cited by 41 publications

References 37 publications

PSA affects prostate cancer cell invasion in vitro and induces an osteoblastic phenotype in bone in vivo

PSA affects prostate cancer cell invasion in vitro and induces an osteoblastic phenotype in bone in vivo

Cáncer de próstata metastásico asociado a valores bajos de antígeno prostático específico

Clinical Significance of CD10 Expression in Cancer

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