Use and Effectiveness of Quitlines for Smokers With Diabetes: Cessation and Weight Outcomes, Washington State Tobacco Quit Line, 2008

Schauer, Gillian L.; Bush, Terry; Cerutti, Barbara; Mahoney, Lisa; Thompson, Juliet; Zbikowski, Susan M.

doi:10.5888/pcd10.120324

Cited by 18 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…In a cross-sectional study of smokers who enrolled in a state quitline, Schauer et al found that having diabetes had no impact on the effectiveness of smoking cessation treatment; 24.3% of those with diabetes versus 22.5% of those without diabetes quit smoking at 6 months and no significant differences existed between groups for weight gain, regardless of quit status. However, participants with diabetes reported more weight gain in previous quit attempts; 34.2% of those with diabetes vs. 22.4% of those without diabetes gained >20 lbs (8.84 kg) (P 5 0.03) (96). By contrast, an earlier study evaluated 6-month cessation outcomes of state quitlines by chronic disease and reported that those with diabetes had lower quit rates than those who did not have diabetes (97).…”

Section: Tobacco Cessation and Weight Management Combined Interventiomentioning

confidence: 86%

The effect of tobacco cessation on weight gain, obesity, and diabetes risk

Bush¹,

Lovejoy²,

Deprey³

et al. 2016

Obesity

Self Cite

165

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Objective Most smokers gain weight after quitting and some develop new onset obesity and type 2 diabetes. The purpose of this paper is to synthesize the current science investigating the consequences of tobacco cessation on body weight and diabetes and intervention strategies that minimize or prevent weight gain while still allowing for successful tobacco cessation. Methods We selected systematic reviews and relevant studies that were published since prior reviews. Results Smoking cessation can cause excessive weight gain in some individuals and can be associated with clinically significant outcomes such as diabetes or obesity onset. Interventions that combine smoking cessation and weight control can be effective for improving cessation and minimizing weight gain, but need to be tested in specific populations. Conclusions In spite of the health benefits of quitting tobacco, post-cessation weight gain and new onset obesity and diabetes are a significant concern. Promising interventions may need to be more widely applied to reduce the consequences of both obesity and tobacco use.

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Section: Tobacco Cessation and Weight Management Combined Interventiomentioning

confidence: 86%

The effect of tobacco cessation on weight gain, obesity, and diabetes risk

Bush¹,

Lovejoy²,

Deprey³

et al. 2016

Obesity

Self Cite

165

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…In general, the results supported all four aims. The fact these aims were achieved in an uninsured sample of smokers is encouraging because they are a generally challenging population to engage in research (e.g., low retention) and tend to have worse treatment outcomes than the insured (Bush et al, 2012;Schauer et al, 2013;Stead et al, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The data collection protocol yielded overall retention rates that were higher than the 55% average rates for comparable general population telephone-delivered smoking cessation interventions (Bush et al, 2012;Schauer et al, 2013;Stead et al, 2013). Finally, the per-protocol implementation data demonstrated that ACT can be implemented with a QL population with high and similar competence as CBT.…”

Section: Design Feasibilitymentioning

confidence: 95%

Randomized Trial of Telephone-Delivered Acceptance and Commitment Therapy Versus Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Smoking Cessation: A Pilot Study

Bricker

Bush

Zbikowski

et al. 2014

Nicotine & Tobacco Research

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Objective: We conducted a pilot randomized trial of telephone-delivered acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) versus cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for smoking cessation.Method: Participants were 121 uninsured South Carolina State Quitline callers who were adult smokers (at least 10 cigarettes/ day) and who wanted to quit within the next 30 days. Participants were randomized to 5 sessions of either ACT or CBT telephone counseling and were offered 2 weeks of nicotine replacement therapy (NRT).results: ACT participants completed more calls than CBT participants (M = 3.25 in ACT vs. 2.23 in CBT; p = .001). Regarding satisfaction, 100% of ACT participants reported their treatment was useful for quitting smoking (vs. 87% for CBT; p = .03), and 97% of ACT participants would recommend their treatment to a friend (vs. 83% for CBT; p = .06). On the primary outcome of intent-to-treat 30-day point prevalence abstinence at 6 months postrandomization, the quit rates were 31% in ACT versus 22% in CBT (odds ratio [OR] = 1.5, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.7-3.4). Among participants depressed at baseline (n = 47), the quit rates were 33% in ACT versus 13% in CBT (OR = 1.2, 95% CI = 1.0-1.6). Consistent with ACT's theory, among participants scoring low on acceptance of cravings at baseline (n = 57), the quit rates were 37% in ACT versus 10% in CBT (OR = 5.3, 95% CI = 1.3-22.0). Conclusions:ACT is feasible to deliver by phone, is highly acceptable to quitline callers, and shows highly promising quit rates compared with standard CBT quitline counseling. As results were limited by the pilot design (e.g., small sample), a fullscale efficacy trial is now needed.

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“…The results of quitline studies have been more promising. Tobacco users with diabetes used the quitline in greater proportion than they were represented in the general population, and had quit rates that were comparable with quitline users without diabetes. More studies are required to understand the best behavioral interventions for smokers with diabetes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Varenicline in smokers with diabetes: A pooled analysis of 15 randomized, placebo‐controlled studies of varenicline

Tonstad

Lawrence

2016

J of Diabetes Invest

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Aims/IntroductionStopping smoking deserves high priority in preventing complications of diabetes; however, only sparse data are available regarding the efficacy of pharmacotherapy in smokers with diabetes. We assessed the efficacy and safety of varenicline in smokers with diabetes who participated in 15 double‐blind, randomized, placebo‐controlled studies.Materials and MethodsThis retrospective pooled analysis included data from smokers of ≥10 cigarettes per day with diabetes. Participants received varenicline 1 mg b.i.d. or placebo for 12 weeks. We examined carbon monoxide‐confirmed continuous abstinence rates (CARs) for weeks 9–12, 9–24 and 9–52, and compared safety in participants with and without diabetes.ResultsOf 6,771 participants, 323 had diabetes (varenicline n = 162; placebo n = 161). Week 9–12 CAR was higher with varenicline than placebo (43.8% vs 24.8%; odds ratio 2.36, 95% CI 1.47–3.79), as was week 9–24 CAR (27.5% vs 14.4%; odds ratio 2.25, 95% CI 1.27–4.00). Week 9–52 CAR was 18.4% for varenicline and 10.1% for placebo (odds ratio 2.00, 95% CI 0.90–4.49). The most commonly‐reported adverse events in participants with diabetes for varenicline vs placebo were: nausea (27.2% vs 8.1%); headache (9.3% vs 9.9%); and insomnia (8.6% vs 5.6%), incidences that were similar in participants without diabetes (29.6% vs 9.7%; 13.4% vs 10.9%; and 11.4% vs 7.1%, respectively). Weight gain in quitters with diabetes (1.7 kg) was similar to that of those without diabetes (2.1 kg).ConclusionsVarenicline was an effective and well‐tolerated aid for smoking cessation in individuals with diabetes. Safety was comparable with participants without diabetes.

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Use and Effectiveness of Quitlines for Smokers With Diabetes: Cessation and Weight Outcomes, Washington State Tobacco Quit Line, 2008

Cited by 18 publications

References 24 publications

The effect of tobacco cessation on weight gain, obesity, and diabetes risk

The effect of tobacco cessation on weight gain, obesity, and diabetes risk

Randomized Trial of Telephone-Delivered Acceptance and Commitment Therapy Versus Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Smoking Cessation: A Pilot Study

Varenicline in smokers with diabetes: A pooled analysis of 15 randomized, placebo‐controlled studies of varenicline

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