Use and Exploitation of Sea Cucumbers

Slater, Matthew James

doi:10.1002/9781119005810.ch4

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Amongst the various marine resources, Holothuroidea, commonly known as sea cucumbers, or by the term beche-de-mer in Australia, have been widely researched throughout the world for their potential health benefits. The sea cucumber has a long history of utilization as a food source in south-east Asia (Slater and Chen, 2015) and the proximate composition of sea cucumbers varies significantly depending on the species, season, and food regimen (Lobine et al, 2021). On a dry weight basis, sea cucumbers are reported to contain up to 83% protein, comprised primarily of the amino acids glutamic, glycine, aspartic leucine, histidine, lysine, threonine, arginine, valine, and isoleucine (Lobine et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vivo and Clinical Studies of Sea Cucumber-Derived Bioactives for Human Health and Nutrition From 2012-2021

et al. 2022

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Sea cucumbers are amongst the highest value seafoods available commercially, especially in the south-east Asian region, primarily due to their nutritional and health benefits as applied in Traditional Chinese Medicine. While the majority of studies for nutritional products derived from sea cucumber compounds have been conducted in vitro, the number of in vivo and evidence-based human clinical studies are limited. This review has critically assessed the advances in in vivo and clinical studies of sea cucumber-derived bioactives (both extracts and compounds) via a comprehensive literature research on papers published in the last ten years from 2012-2021. Sea cucumber-derived compounds were reported to have the following activities: anticancer, antihyperlipidemic, antihyperglycemic, anti-inflammatory, anticoagulant/antithrombotic, antioxidant, and antihypertension, immunomodulatory, wound healing and as treatments for Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases. These active compounds include triterpene glycosides (saponins), fucosylated chondroitin sulfate (FCS), cerebrosides, glycosaminoglycan, fucoidan, phospholipids, polysaccharides, peptides, long-chain bases, Frondanol A5, acid mucopolysaccharide, and phosphatidylcholines. Gaps, challenges and future directions have been identified and discussed separately to progress different areas of research and to further scientific validation, development and application of sea cucumbers for human health and nutritional products.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vivo and Clinical Studies of Sea Cucumber-Derived Bioactives for Human Health and Nutrition From 2012-2021

et al. 2022

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“…La producción mundial de equinodermos, específicamente de los erizos y pepinos de mar ocurre desde 1950 y 1970, respectivamente. En general, los datos de producción pesquera y acuícola de equinodermos (en capturas y cifras de desembarques) han sido generados por décadas con base en los informes publicados de las Estadísticas de Pesca de la FAO (FISHSTAT), pero se sabe que existen errores (en cifras confundidas y valores subestimados) que han hecho difícil realizar análisis directos en series de tiempo, y seguimiento con precisión de las capturas para cada recurso por país (Andrew et al, 2002;Sun & Chiang, 2015;Slater, 2015). Por ello, se ha tenido que recurrir a datos de agencias de comercio internacional obtenidos de diferentes gobiernos, y agencias para verificación cruzada del conjunto de datos de Estadísticas de Pesca de la FAO (FISHSTAT) para más de 26 especies de equinodermos que se explotan en Latinoamérica para fines comerciales.…”

Section: La Acuicultura De Equinodermos En América Latinaunclassified

“…Son 1 450 especies de pepinos de mar registradas a nivel mundial (Slater, 2015), pero las poblaciones naturales han drásticamente disminuido por pesquerías excesivas, y el número de pescadores "pepineros" ha ido en aumento con más de 3 millones de pescadores registrados alrededor del mundo (Purcell, Polidoro, Hamel, Gamboa, & Mercier, 2014). La FAO identificó 58 especies comerciales tropicales y subtropicales pertenecientes a las familias de Holothuridae y Stichopodidae, incluidos los géneros Actinopyga, Bohadschia, Stichopus y Holothuria que son capturadas en más de 40 países (FAO, 2012).…”

Section: La Acuicultura De Equinodermos En América Latinaunclassified

¿Hacia dónde va la acuicultura de equinodermos en América Latina? Potencial, retos y oportunidades.

Sonnenholzner-Varas¹

2021

Rev. Biol. Trop.

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Introducción: La acuicultura de equinodermos en América Latina es incipiente, pero representa una nueva frontera para la producción de alimentos marinos altamente nutritivos, con especies nativas de alto valor comercial que ofrecen un gran potencial en comparación con las debilitadas pesquerías bentónicas artesanales. Metodología: Se revisó la literatura sobre pepinos de mar, erizos de mar y estrellas de mar hasta el año 2020. Resultados: Para el 2020, había 17 especies nativas con importantes avances en reproducción, larvicultura, crecimiento, tratamiento e identificación de enfermedades y nutrición en México, Belice, Panamá, Colombia, Ecuador, Perú, Brasil, Chile y Argentina. Conclusiones: La acuicultura de equinodermos en América Latina está avanzando y se beneficiaría de los sistemas multitróficos para expandirse y diversificarse, reduciendo la presión sobre las pesquerías agotadas.

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“…Disease outbreaks of sea urchins and sea stars have been documented at local, regional, and continental scales since 1898 and have gone unresolved in regards to their etiology [13, 14]. Certain species of sea urchins and sea cucumbers are valued as seafood delicacies and the growing demands for these species in the seafood industry have led to a rise in aquaculture farming [15, 16]. Viral outbreaks pose a major concern for aquaculture operations [17, 18], yet little is known about the identity, let alone virulence, of viruses that infect these animals [19–21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The RNA Virome of Echinoderms

Jackson

Wilhelm

Buckley

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Echinoderms are a phylum of marine invertebrates that include model organisms, keystone species, and animals commercially harvested for seafood. Despite their scientific, ecological, and economic importance, there is little known about the diversity of RNA viruses that infect echinoderms compared to other invertebrates. We screened over 900 transcriptomes and viral metagenomes to characterize the RNA virome of 38 echinoderm species from all five classes (Crinoidea, Holothuroidea, Asteroidea, Ophiuroidea and Echinoidea). We identified 347 viral genome fragments that were classified to genera and families within nine viral orders - Picornavirales, Durnavirales, Martellivirales, Nodamuvirales, Reovirales, Amarillovirales, Ghabrivirales, Mononegavirales, and Hepelivirales. We compared the relative viral representation across three life stages (embryo, larvae, adult) and characterized the gene content of contigs which encoded complete or near-complete genomes. The proportion of viral reads in a given transcriptome was not found to significantly differ between life stages though the majority of viral contigs were discovered from transcriptomes of adult tissue. This study illuminates the biodiversity of RNA viruses from echinoderms, revealing the occurrence of viral groups in natural populations.

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Use and Exploitation of Sea Cucumbers

Cited by 9 publications

References 13 publications

In Vivo and Clinical Studies of Sea Cucumber-Derived Bioactives for Human Health and Nutrition From 2012-2021

In Vivo and Clinical Studies of Sea Cucumber-Derived Bioactives for Human Health and Nutrition From 2012-2021

¿Hacia dónde va la acuicultura de equinodermos en América Latina? Potencial, retos y oportunidades.

The RNA Virome of Echinoderms

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