Use of a Blood Glucose Monitoring Manual to Enhance Monitoring Adherence in Adults With Diabetes

Moreland, Elaine C.; Volkening, Lisa K.; Lawlor, Margaret T.; Chalmers, Karen A.; Anderson, Barbara J.; Laffel, Lori

doi:10.1001/archinte.166.6.689

Cited by 67 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Clearly, SMBG may not be useful to patients who lack the necessary skills and motivation. However, several studies that have tested randomised interventions in patients already using SMBG [5,6] found that training to improve their ability to make appropriate behavioural decisions in response to blood glucose readings resulted in better glycaemic control.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comment on: Davidson MB (2007) The dilemma of self-monitoring of blood glucose. Diabetologia 50:497–499

Kolb

Martin

Karter³

2007

Diabetologia

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comment on: Davidson MB (2007) The dilemma of self-monitoring of blood glucose. Diabetologia 50:497–499

Kolb

Martin

Karter³

2007

Diabetologia

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“…Also, in the recently published PRISMA (Prospective, Randomized Trial on Intensive Self-Monitoring Blood Glucose Management Added Value in Non-Insulin Treated Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients) trial, performance of structured SMBG was associated with better clinical outcomes (19). An older publication demonstrated similar findings in adults with type 1 and type 2 diabetes and reinforced the importance of providing patients with the tools to perform SMBG effectively (18).…”

Section: Evidence For Smbgmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…The STeP (Structured Testing Program) study in people with type 2 diabetes, as a useful example for a study on SMBG, demonstrated structured SMBG contributing significantly to the improvement in glycemic control and psychosocial functioning compared with enhanced usual care, including free blood glucose meters and strips (17,18). Also, in the recently published PRISMA (Prospective, Randomized Trial on Intensive Self-Monitoring Blood Glucose Management Added Value in Non-Insulin Treated Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients) trial, performance of structured SMBG was associated with better clinical outcomes (19).…”

Section: Evidence For Smbgmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Poor education on how to meaningfully interpret the numbers displayed on the device, together with lack of understanding about adequate responses to glucose levels, has been found to potentially increase anxiety and distress. Appropriate education addressing SMBG interpretation, adjustment of nutrition and physical activity according to measurements, and the response to "outof-range" values of blood glucosedboth for people with diabetes and health care providersdwere identified as prerequisites for the useful performance of SMBG (18,21) and were a key recommendation. In people with type 1 diabetes, underutilization of SMBG and continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) data; lack of easy and standardized glucose data collection, analysis, and visualization; and absence of guided clinical decision making have recently been reported to be key contributors to poor glycemic control (13).…”

Section: Problems/barriers and Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Clinical Utility of SMBG: Recommendations on the Use and Reporting of SMBG in Clinical Research

et al. 2015

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Quality glucose information is a core prerequisite for successful diabetes management. It enables professionals and people with diabetes to make medically relevant decisions on therapy. Details of glucose profile information beyond HbA 1c have been largely derived from self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG). Given the evidence base demonstrating the benefits of SMBG, its routine use is recommended for diabetes management and therapy by many international and regional guidelines (1-3). Today, SMBG is considered an important aspect of the management of glycemic control (3,4). Glucose information of high quality, considering the products used and the processes conducted, is also needed in clinical research in order to gain new evidence and insights on effective treatment strategies in diabetes. SMBG is widely and routinely applied in large clinical trials, where it is used to understand the glycemic state, to enhance awareness of the effects of lifestyle modification and the adaptation of treatment including insulin titration, and to enable documentation of intraday pre-and postprandial glucose excursions (glycemic variability) and the subsequent statistical analysis of this and the confirmation of hypoglycemic episodes. Examples of recent studies that used SMBG are Outcome Reduction With Initial Glargine Intervention (ORIGIN) trial, Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes (ACCORD), and, from earlier times, the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT) (5-8). Indeed, SMBG is now applied in most studies of glucoselowering agents, including glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist and sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor studies.Reliable glucose information requires a clear definition as part of the study design and protocol, not least to ensure replication of the methodology. Interpretation and comparison of study results may be affected if SMBG methods and results are addressed inconsistently. With regard to the interpretation of outcomes of studies, reporting of SMBG in publications should be of the highest qualitydaccurate, precise, reliable, and reproducible. In many publications, however, relevant details of the SMBG measures are lacking or are incomplete. Therefore, the interpretation of study results may be hampered, reliability of study results may be compromised, and repetition of trials may become necessary.This consensus publication not only aims to summarize learnings from previous clinical studies about the use and reporting of SMBG but also proposes recommendations for the description of the performance and reporting of SMBG in future clinical study protocols and related publications.Clinical trials aim at expanding knowledge and evidence. One major principle of Good Clinical Practice is to conduct clinical studies at a quality standard that provides the highest level of safety for the study participants but also avoids a potentially unnecessary burden on participants by inefficient repetition of the experiments with "human beings" to answer a clinical/scientific qu...

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“…We analysed 18 relevant RCTs [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19], some of which had not been included in previous meta-analyses [20][21][22][23][24][25]. Why do these trials not provide a reliable answer?…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-monitoring of blood glucose in type 2 diabetes: a new look at published trials

et al. 2008

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Use of a Blood Glucose Monitoring Manual to Enhance Monitoring Adherence in Adults With Diabetes

Abstract: Background: Frequent blood glucose (BG) monitoring is a critical component of diabetes management, yet many barriers exist to consistent monitoring.

Cited by 67 publications

References 23 publications

Comment on: Davidson MB (2007) The dilemma of self-monitoring of blood glucose. Diabetologia 50:497–499

Comment on: Davidson MB (2007) The dilemma of self-monitoring of blood glucose. Diabetologia 50:497–499

Clinical Utility of SMBG: Recommendations on the Use and Reporting of SMBG in Clinical Research

Self-monitoring of blood glucose in type 2 diabetes: a new look at published trials

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