Use of a capillary tube for collecting an extraction solvent lighter than water after dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction and its application in the determination of parabens in different samples by gas chromatography—Flame ionization detection

Farajzadeh, Mir Ali; Djozan, Dj.; Bakhtiyari, R. Fazeli

doi:10.1016/j.talanta.2010.02.035

Cited by 149 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…However, they all have some known side effects to human health especially when used at higher doses than the permitted safety levels [4]. Some studies have demonstrated that exposure to parabens may modulate or disrupt the endocrine system, exhibiting weak estrogenic and other hormone-related activity, and thus may have harmful consequences on human and wildlife [5][6][7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasound‐assisted temperature‐controlled ionic liquid emulsification microextraction coupled with capillary electrophoresis for the determination of parabens in personal care products

Jia

et al. 2016

Electrophoresis

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We developed a CE and ultrasound-assisted temperature-controlled ionic liquid emulsification microextraction method for the determination of four parabens (methyl paraben, ethyl paraben, propyl paraben, and butyl paraben) in personal care products including mouthwash and toning lotion. In the proposed extraction procedure, ionic liquid (IL, 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate) was used as extraction solvent, moreover, no disperser solvent was needed. Parameters affecting the extraction efficiency including volume of IL, heating temperature, ultrasonic time, extraction time, sample pH, ionic strength, and centrifugation time were optimized. Under the optimized conditions, the method was found to be linear over the range of 3-500 ng/mL with coefficient of determination (R(2) ) in the range of 0.9990-0.9998. The LODs and LOQs for the four parabens were 0.45-0.72 ng/mL and 1.50-2.40 ng/mL, respectively. Intraday and interday precisions (RSDs, n = 5) were in the range of 5.4-6.8% and 7.0-8.7%, respectively. The recoveries of parabens at different spiked levels ranged from 71.9 to 119.2% with RSDs less than 9.5%.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasound‐assisted temperature‐controlled ionic liquid emulsification microextraction coupled with capillary electrophoresis for the determination of parabens in personal care products

Jia

et al. 2016

Electrophoresis

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“…In addition, the use of high density solvents as extractant limits wider applicability of DLLME and HLLE. To overcome this limitation, several studies have reported the application of low density solvents in solvent microextraction methods in recent years [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of thiobencarb in water samples by gas chromatography using a homogeneous liquid-liquid microextraction via flotation assistance procedure

Mashayekhi¹

2013

Bull. Chem. Soc. Eth.

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ABSTRACT. Homogeneous liquid-liquid microextraction via flotation assistance (HLLME-FA) coupled with gas chromatography-flame ionization detection (GC-FID) was applied for the extraction and determination of thiobencarb in water samples. In this study, a special extraction cell was designed to facilitate collection of the low-density solvent extraction. No centrifugation was required in this procedure. The water sample solution was added into the extraction cell which contained an appropriate mixture of toluene (as an extraction solvent) and acetone (as a homogeneous solvent). By using air flotation, the organic solvent was collected at the conical part of the designed cell. The effect of the different parameters on the efficiency of extraction such as type and volume of extraction and homogeneous solvents, ionic strength and extraction time were studied and optimized. Under the optimal conditions, linearity of the method was in the range of 1.0-200 µg L -1. The relative standard deviations in the real samples varied from 7.8-11.7 % (n = 3). The proposed method was successfully applied to analysis of thiobencarb in the water samples and satisfactory results were obtained.

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“…In recent years, to overcome this limitation, in several studies the application of low-density solvents in solvent microextraction methods has been reported. [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29] Typically, most HoLLE methods 30 have a centrifugation step, which is an extra time-consuming step in the extraction process. Very recently, one such process was developed by Li and coworkers 31 as an alternative approach.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Homogeneous Liquid-Liquid Extraction (HoLLE) via Flotation Combined with Gas Chromatography-Flame Ionization Detection as a Very Simple, Rapid and Sensitive Method for the Determination of Fenitrothion in Water Samples

Mashayekhi

2013

ANAL. SCI.

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Homogeneous liquid-liquid extraction via flotation assistance (HoLLE-FA) and gas chromatography-flame ionization detection (GC-FID) was presented for the extraction and determination of fenitrothion in water samples. In this work, a rapid, simple and efficient HoLLE-FA method was developed based on applying low-density organic solvents without employing centrifugation. A special extraction cell was designed to facilitate the collection of low-density solvent extraction in the determination of fenitrothion in water samples. The water sample solution was added into an extraction cell that contained an appropriate mixture of extraction and homogeneous solvents. By using air flotation, the organic solvent was collected at the conical part of the designed cell. Under the optimum conditions, the method performance was studied in terms of the linear dynamic range (LDR from 1.0 up to 100 μg L -1 ), linearity (r 2 > 0.998), and precision (repeatability < 8.0%). Also, limit of detection (LOD) of 0.4 μg L -1 was obtained for fenitrothion. The applicability of the HoLLE-FA method was evaluated by the extraction and determination of fenitrothion in three different water samples.

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Use of a capillary tube for collecting an extraction solvent lighter than water after dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction and its application in the determination of parabens in different samples by gas chromatography—Flame ionization detection

Cited by 149 publications

References 31 publications

Ultrasound‐assisted temperature‐controlled ionic liquid emulsification microextraction coupled with capillary electrophoresis for the determination of parabens in personal care products

Ultrasound‐assisted temperature‐controlled ionic liquid emulsification microextraction coupled with capillary electrophoresis for the determination of parabens in personal care products

Determination of thiobencarb in water samples by gas chromatography using a homogeneous liquid-liquid microextraction via flotation assistance procedure

Homogeneous Liquid-Liquid Extraction (HoLLE) via Flotation Combined with Gas Chromatography-Flame Ionization Detection as a Very Simple, Rapid and Sensitive Method for the Determination of Fenitrothion in Water Samples

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