Use of a Statistical Model to Predict the Potential for Repeated Dose and Developmental Toxicity of Dermally Administered Crude Oil and Relation to Reproductive Toxicity

Abstract

Petroleum (commonly called crude oil) is a complex substance primarily composed of hydrocarbon constituents. Based on the results of previous toxicological studies as well as occupational experience, the principal acute toxicological hazards are those associated with exposure by inhalation to volatile hydrocarbon constituents and hydrogen sulfide, and chronic hazards are associated with inhalation exposure to benzene and dermal exposure to polycyclic aromatic compounds. The current assessment was an attempt to characterize the potential for repeated dose and/or developmental effects of crude oils following dermal exposures and to generalize the conclusions across a broad range of crude oils from different sources. Statistical models were used to predict the potential for repeated dose and developmental toxicity from compositional information. The model predictions indicated that the empirical data from previously tested crude oils approximated a ''worst case'' situation, and that the data from previously tested crude oils could be used as a reasonable basis for characterizing the repeated dose and developmental toxicological hazards of crude oils in general.

Grouping of Petroleum Substances as Example UVCBs by Ion Mobility-Mass Spectrometry to Enable Chemical Composition-Based Read-Across

“…For example, ARC content of petroleum substances tested herein has been related to their dermal carcinogenic potential. 24, 25, 30 Thus, it may be not surprising that ARC while content may be less useful for chemical fingerprinting and empirical groupings of petroleum substances as compared to heteroatom-class distribution. This raises a question of whether heteroatom content of petroleum substances, in addition to being useful for classification and grouping, may be indicative of their potential toxicity.…”

A chemical–biological similarity-based grouping of complex substances as a prototype approach for evaluating chemical alternatives

“…Samples were prepared using previously published extraction procedures for routine isolation of complex polycyclic aromatic compounds (PAC) in petroleum substances. 16,17 The DMSO extraction procedure used herein is designed to concentrate the ‘biologically active’ fraction ( i.e. , aromatics) of the refinery streams; the extracts obtained using this method are used routinely for safety testing ( e.g.…”

The Mammalian Toxicological Hazards of Petroleum-Derived Substances

“…42,43 Using compositional modeling developed as part of the HPV program, the potential hazards of 46 additional crude oils were predicted. 44 The results showed that the lowest predicted effect levels were similar to the lowest effect levels of one of the previously tested crude oils. This supported the view that the existing data could be used as a reasonable worst case and that further testing to characterize the hazards of individual crude oils was unnecessary.…”