Use of a weather radar for the hydrology of a mountainous area. Part I: radar measurement interpretation

Andrieu, H.; Creutin, Jean‐Dominique; Delrieu, Guy; Faure, Dominique

doi:10.1016/s0022-1694(96)03202-7

Cited by 114 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…That issue is important, of course, but belongs to another set of problems (Andrieu et al, 1995;Collier, 1996;Krajewski & Smith, 2002;Habib et al, 2004;Diss et al, 2009). Here, the aim is to make use of the rainfall data to reproduce the floods as accurately as possible.…”

Section: Working Hypothesesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitivity of hydrological models to uncertainty in rainfall input

Arnaud¹,

Lavabre²,

Fouchier³

et al. 2011

Hydrological Sciences Journal

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Different approaches used in hydrological modelling are compared in terms of the way each one takes the rainfall data into account. We examine the errors associated with accounting for rainfall variability, whether in hydrological modelling (distributed vs lumped models) or in computing catchment rainfall, as well as the impact of each approach on the representativeness of the parameters it uses. The database consists of 1859 rainfall events, distributed on 500 basins, located in the southeast of France with areas ranging from 6.2 to 2851 km 2 . The study uses as reference the hydrographs computed by a distributed hydrological model from radar rainfall. This allows us to compare and to test the effects of various simplifications to the process when taking rainfall information (complete rain field vs sampled rainfall) and rainfall-runoff modelling (lumped vs distributed) into account. The results appear to show that, in general, the sampling effect can lead to errors in discharge at the outlet that are as great as, or even greater than, those one would get with a fully lumped approach. We found that small catchments are more sensitive to the uncertainties in catchment rainfall input generated by sampling rainfall data as seen through a raingauge network. Conversely, the larger catchments are more sensitive to uncertainties generated when the spatial variability of rainfall events is not taken into account. These uncertainties can be compensated for relatively easily by recalibrating the parameters of the hydrological model, although such recalibrations cause the parameter in question to completely lose physical meaning.Key words rainfall distribution; radar rainfall; raingauge network; lumped modelling; distributed modelling; uncertainty Sensibilité des modèles hydrologiques aux incertitudes dues à l'information pluviométrique utiliséeRésumé Cette étude compare différentes approches utilisées en modélisation hydrologique, chaque approche étant différenciée par sa manière de prendre en compte l'information pluviométrique. Nous regardons les erreurs liées à la prise en compte de la variabilité spatiale de la pluie, à travers la modélisation hydrologique (modèles globaux ou distribués) ou à travers le calcul de la pluie de bassin. Nous regardons aussi l'impact de chaque approche sur la représentativité des paramètres qui lui sont associés. Ce travail porte sur 1859 événements pluvieux répartis sur 500 bassins versants situés dans le sud-est de la France, dans une gamme de surface allant de 6.2 à 2851 km 2 . On définit comme étant les hydrogrammes de référence, les crues modélisées par un modèle hydrologique distribué à partir de champs de pluies issus de radars météorologiques. Cela nous permet de travailler de façon relative, et de tester l'effet de différentes simplifications dans la prise en compte des processus, lors de la prise en compte de la pluie (champs de pluie complet ou échantillonnage de la pluie) et/ou lors de la modélisation hydrologique (globale ou distribuée). Les résultats montrent globale...

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Section: Working Hypothesesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitivity of hydrological models to uncertainty in rainfall input

Arnaud¹,

Lavabre²,

Fouchier³

et al. 2011

Hydrological Sciences Journal

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“…The algorithm for ground clutter identification is based on the stability of the radar signature when the radar beam intersects and is backscattered by mountains and reliefs [35]. Because of the Gaussian shape of the antenna radar beam, both weather and undesired clutter signals are Gaussian in shape.…”

Section: Sea and Ground Clutter Removalmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Implementation of a Regional X-Band Weather Radar Network

Antonini¹,

Melani

Corongiu³

et al. 2017

Atmosphere

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Abstract:In the last few years, the number of worldwide operational X-band weather radars has rapidly been growing, thanks to an established technology that offers reliability, high performance, and reduced efforts and costs for installation and maintenance, with respect to the more widespread C-and S-band systems. X-band radars are particularly suitable for nowcasting activities, as those operated by the LaMMA (Laboratory of Monitoring and Environmental Modelling for the sustainable development) Consortium in the framework of its institutional duties of operational meteorological surveillance. In fact, they have the capability to monitor precipitation, resolving very local scales, with good spatial and temporal details, although with a reduced scanning range. The Consortium has recently installed a small network of X-band weather radars that partially overlaps and completes the existing national radar network over the north Tyrrhenian area. This paper describes the implementation of this regional network, detailing the aspects related with the radar signal processing chain that provides the final reflectivity composite, starting from the acquisition of the signal power data. The network performances are then qualitatively assessed for three case studies characterised by different precipitation regimes and different seasons. Results are satisfactory especially during intense precipitations, particularly regarding what concerns their spatial and temporal characterisation.

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“…Another is to create a more dynamic map which identifies clutter from image to image. The problems of ground clutter in reflectivity maps and the associated identification and correction schemes have been extensively described (Aoyagi, 1983;Andrieu et al, 1997;Creutin et al, 1997;Steiner and Smith, 2002;Siggia and Passarelli, 2004;Berenguer et al, 2005). The more advanced techniques using doppler or polarimetric radar data cannot be applied on the data gathered by SOLI-DAR as only the reflectivity data is available.…”

Section: Ground Clutter Correctionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of high-resolution X-band radar for rainfall measurement in The Netherlands

Beek

Leijnse

Stricker

et al. 2010

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. This study presents an analysis of 195 rainfall events gathered with the X-band weather radar SOLIDAR and a tipping bucket rain gauge network near Delft, The Netherlands, between May 1993 and April 1994. The aim of this paper is to present a thorough analysis of a climatological dataset using a high spatial (120 m) and temporal (16 s) resolution X-band radar. This makes it a study of the potential for high-resolution rainfall measurements with nonpolarimetric X-band radar over flat terrain. An appropriate radar reflectivity -rain rate relation is derived from measurements of raindrop size distributions and compared with radar -rain gauge data. The radar calibration is assessed using a long-term comparison of rain gauge measurements with corresponding radar reflectivities as well as by analyzing the evolution of the stability of ground clutter areas over time. Three different methods for ground clutter correction as well as the effectiveness of forward and backward attenuation correction algorithms have been studied. Five individual rainfall events are discussed in detail to illustrate the strengths and weaknesses of high-resolution X-band radar and the effectiveness of the presented correction methods. X-band radar is found to be able to measure the space-time variation of rainfall at high resolution, far greater than what can be achieved by rain gauge networks or a typical operational C-band weather radar. On the other hand, SOLIDAR can suffer from receiver saturation, wet radome attenuation as well as signal loss along the path. During very strong convective situations the signal can even be lost completely. In combination with several rain gauges for quality control, high resolution X-band radar is considered to be suitable for Correspondence to: C. Z. van de Beek (remco.vandebeek@wur.nl) rainfall monitoring over relatively small (urban) catchments. These results offer great prospects for the new high resolution polarimetric doppler X-band radar IDRA.

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Use of a weather radar for the hydrology of a mountainous area. Part I: radar measurement interpretation

Cited by 114 publications

References 23 publications

Sensitivity of hydrological models to uncertainty in rainfall input

Sensitivity of hydrological models to uncertainty in rainfall input

On the Implementation of a Regional X-Band Weather Radar Network

Performance of high-resolution X-band radar for rainfall measurement in The Netherlands

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