Use of acetaminophen and sucralose as co-analytes to differentiate sources of human excreta in surface waters

Hall, Ashley M.; Fryar, Alan E.

doi:10.1016/j.watres.2019.03.023

Cited by 22 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Currens et al used the relative concentrations of a degradable, human-specific pharmaceutical, acetaminophen, and a persistent artificial sweetener, sucralose, to differentiate sources of human extreta in surface waters. 38 The presence of acetaminophen was related primarily to untreated human excreta, with concentrations rapidly decreasing during wastewater treatment. Sucralose in surface water was related to inputs of both raw sewage and WWTP effluents.…”

Section: ■ Antibiotic Resistance Genes (Args)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Water Analysis: Emerging Contaminants and Current Issues

2019

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Section: ■ Antibiotic Resistance Genes (Args)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Water Analysis: Emerging Contaminants and Current Issues

2019

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“…As in the raw water, sucralose dominated the concentration in every sample with a top concentration of 1 900 ng L − 1 (N1(s); 71% of total) and an overall average concentration of 630 ± 520 ng L − 1 , which corresponds to a proportion of 30% or more in most of the samples. The average concentration is far higher than levels found in drinking water from northern China (110-160 ng L − 1 ) [27], and also higher than waste water treatment plant (WWTP) influents in some American cities (78-120 ng L − 1 ) [28].…”

Section: Drinking Water Qualitymentioning

confidence: 76%

Screening of organic micropollutants in raw and drinking water in the Yangtze River Delta, China

Ren

Tröger

Ahrens

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background The vast occurrence of organic micropollutants in surface waters has raised concerns about drinking water safety and public health. The Tai Hu Basin region in China, a typical developing and populous area, is facing the challenge of water pollution. To ensure drinking water safety, the knowledge on how treatment techniques and raw water quality affect the quality of finished water must be improved. The aim of the current study was to evaluate drinking water quality in relation to source water origin and treatment strategies. Five drinking water treatment plants (DWTPs), using three different source waters in the Tai Hu River Basin, (i) Yangtze River, (ii) Wetland River Network, and (iii) Lake Tai Hu, were studied by analyzing 291 micropollutants in raw and finished water.Results Major differences in water characteristics were observed among the source waters. The dominating group of micropollutants in the River Network was pesticides, while Yangtze was mainly polluted by flame retardants. The total concentration of poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in Tai Hu water was far higher than in others. In total, 51 compounds were detected in finished water, with an overall average total concentration of 730 ± 160 ng L -1 . The removal efficiency of the detected compounds in the DWTPs averaged 24 ± 149%, which highlights the major challenge for the DWTPs to remove emerging organic micropollutants through current treatment processes.Conclusions Our study showed that if the source water contains high levels of PFASs and organophosphorus flame retardants, even advanced treatment procedures are inefficient in removing the micropollutants, and the finished water may contain cumulative levels in the mg L -1 range. On the other hand, if pesticides and pharmaceuticals dominate, high overall treatment efficiencies may be obtained if using advanced treatment techniques. DWTPs are advised to use advanced treatment techniques or alternative water sources to guarantee the safety of drinking water. As surface water systems are highly impacted by upstream activities, efforts should also be made in the comprehensive water sector for improved surface water quality.

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“…As in the raw water, sucralose dominated the concentration in every sample with a top concentration of 1 900 ng L −1 (N1(s); 71% of total) and an overall average concentration of 630 ± 520 ng L −1 , which corresponds to a proportion of 30% or more in most of the samples. The average concentration is far higher than levels found in drinking water from northern China (110-160 ng L −1 ) [31], and also higher than waste water treatment plant (WWTP) influents in some American cities (78-120 ng L −1 ) [32].…”

Section: Drinking Water Qualitymentioning

confidence: 77%

Screening of organic micropollutants in raw and drinking water in the Yangtze River Delta, China

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background The vast occurrence of organic micropollutants in surface waters has raised concerns about drinking water safety and public health. The Tai Hu Basin region in China, a typical developing and populous area, is facing the challenge of water pollution. To ensure drinking water safety, the knowledge on how treatment techniques and raw water quality affect the quality of finished water must be improved. The aim of the current study was to evaluate drinking water quality with respect to organic micropollutants and how the purity of the finished water depends on source water contamination and drinking water treatment strategies. Five drinking water treatment plants (DWTPs), using three different source waters in the Tai Hu River Basin, (i) Yangtze River, (ii) Wetland River Network, and (iii) Lake Tai Hu, were studied by analyzing 291 micropollutants in raw and finished water. Results Major differences in concentrations and composition profiles of organic micropollutants were observed between the source waters. Among the studied micropollutants, the dominating group was pesticides in the Wetland River Network and flame retardants in Yangtze. The total concentration of poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in Tai Hu water was far higher than in the other samples. In total, 51 compounds were detected in the finished water, with an overall average total concentration of 730 ± 160 ng L−1. The removal efficiency of the detected compounds in the DWTPs averaged 24 ± 150%, which highlights the major challenge for the DWTPs in removing the emerging organic micropollutants through current treatment processes. Conclusions Our study showed that if the source water contains high levels of PFASs and organophosphorus flame retardants, even advanced treatment procedures are inefficient in removing the micropollutants, and the finished drinking water may contain cumulative levels of organic micropollutants in the µg L−1 range. On the other hand, if pesticides and pharmaceuticals dominate, a high overall treatment efficiencies may be obtained if advanced treatment techniques are used. The DWTPs are advised to use advanced treatment techniques or alternative water sources to guarantee the safety of drinking water. As surface water systems are highly impacted by upstream activities, efforts should also be made in the water sector for improving the surface water quality.

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Use of acetaminophen and sucralose as co-analytes to differentiate sources of human excreta in surface waters

Cited by 22 publications

References 23 publications

Water Analysis: Emerging Contaminants and Current Issues

Water Analysis: Emerging Contaminants and Current Issues

Screening of organic micropollutants in raw and drinking water in the Yangtze River Delta, China

Screening of organic micropollutants in raw and drinking water in the Yangtze River Delta, China

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