Use of Activated Charcoal as Bio-Adsorbent for Treament of Residual Waters: A Review

Abstract

Adsorption is gaining attention by becoming one of the most used technologies for the removal of contaminants from water. Adsorption with activated charcoal (AC) is an efficient method for treatment of effluents; the main advantage of AC production is the use of residues that would be inappropriate discarded. The objective of this work was to gather and organize the information available about the potential of using activated charcoal as a bio-adsorbent. Researches were conducted on scientific articles about the production of activated charcoal with adsorption characteristics for the removal of contaminants from residual waters. The efficiency of this technique is dependent on different parameters that affect the adsorption process, such as: pH of the solution, dye initial concentration, contact time, adsorbent amount, and temperature. The articles studied showed that the bio-adsorbent characteristics of charcoals are promising for the removal of pollutants from residual waters. The isotherm adsorption models developed by Langmuir, Freundlich, and Brunauer, Emmett, and Teller (BET) are often used to evaluate the adsorption capacity of activated charcoals. Keywords: industrial effluents; contaminants; environmental management. Emprego do carvão ativado como bioadsorvente para o tratamento de águas residuais: uma revisão RESUMO: A adsorção vem ganhando destaque com uma das tecnologias mais empregadas na remoção de contaminantes em águas. No tratamento de efluentes, a adsorção com carvão ativado (CA) apresenta-se como um método eficiente. A principal vantagem da produção de CA é o aproveitamento de resíduos que seriam descartados de forma inadequada. O objetivo desta pesquisa é organizar algumas informações disponíveis com relação ao potencial do carvão ativado como bioadsorvente. Foram realizadas pesquisas em periódicos sobre produção de carvão ativado com características adsortivas na remoção de contaminantes em águas residuais. A eficácia dessa técnica sob diferentes parâmetros influencia no processo de adsorção, tais como: pH da solução, concentração inicial do corante, tempo de contato, quantidade do adsorvente e temperatura. Em todos os artigos estudados, as características dos carvões como bioadsorventes se mostraram promissores no processo para remoção de poluentes em águas residuais. Conclui-se que os modelos de isotermas de adsorção desenvolvidos por Langmuir, Freundlich e BET são frequentemente utilizados para avaliar a capacidade de adsorção dos carvões ativados. Palavras-chave: efluentes industriais; contaminantes; gestão ambiental.

Gum-based nanocomposites for the removal of metals and dyes from waste water

“…Moreover, researchers aim to develop materials with a large surface area to enhance adsorption and improve degradation (Nasrollahzadeh et al 2021 ). Several adsorbent materials, like zeolites (Maharana and Sen 2021 ), CNTs (Sajid et al 2022 ), metal-organic frameworks (Adegoke et al 2020 ), and activated carbons (Mendes Ferreira and Melo 2021 ) have been extensively studied. Natural polysaccharides are promising alternatives, as they are non-toxic, inexpensive, readily available, and abundant in nature, making them suitable candidates for adsorption (Mignon et al 2019 ; Ge et al 2023 ; Jalili et al 2023 ; Mandal et al 2023 ).…”

Fixed-Bed Column Adsorption Studies: Comparison of Alginate-Based Adsorbents for La(III) Ions Recovery

“…Due to the availability of a broad spectrum of both natural and artificial adsorbents, the adsorption method is a very promising technology. Zeolite [ 7 ], charcoal [ 8 ], metal oxides [ 9 ], carbon nanostructures [ 10 ], activated carbon [ 11 ], and natural polymers [ 12 ] are significant adsorbents. Among them, alginate adsorbents stand out due to several advantageous features such as low-cost, easy production, and availability [ 13 ].…”

Research and modification of sound diffusers using wood waste charcoal

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“…1.35) (Ferreira, 2021). (Ferreira, 2021) Charcoal briquettes made of wood waste have useful applications, such as household cooking and water heating, ceramics and clayware firing for improved cooking stoves, brick fuel for gasifiers to generate electricity, etc. (Owoyemi et al, 2016).…”