Use of Adsol® preservation solution for prolonged storage of low viscosity AS‐1 red blood cells

Abstract

A new red cell preservation solution is described in which the red cells may be stored for 49 d with greater than 75% mean post-transfusion recovery. Blood is drawn into Anticoagulant Citrate Phosphate Dextrose Solution, centrifuged, the plasma removed and the cells resuspended in 100 ml of a solution containing saline, adenine, dextrose and mannitol (Adsol Preservation Solution, Fenwal Laboratories, Deerfield, Illinois). The final product, AS-1 Red Blood Cells, has a haematocrit of approximately 0.60 and flow properties that are similar to those of whole blood. After storage, red cell haemolysis is minimal and erythrocyte adenosine triphosphate is well preserved. This study documents that red cells may be stored in a protein-poor electrolyte medium for periods of 49 d with good post-transfusion survival.

Posttransfusion 24‐hour recovery and subsequent survival of allogeneic red blood cells in the bloodstream of newborn infants

“…7,11,12 Our results of PTR 24 document the satisfactory quality of RBCs stored up to 42 days, which, by FDA requirements for approval, must exhibit 75-percent recovery at 42 days of storage. 15,16 Our value of approximately 97 percent agrees with our earlier studies of normal adults 9 and with the value of 97 percent reported for baboons using fresh biotinylated RBCs. 17 Results with biotinylated RBCs are higher than those using chromium as the RBC label-mean values being approximately 83 percent for human chromium-labeled RBCs stored 42 days 15,16 and 92 percent for fresh baboon RBCs labeled with chromium.…”

“…15,16 Our value of approximately 97 percent agrees with our earlier studies of normal adults 9 and with the value of 97 percent reported for baboons using fresh biotinylated RBCs. 17 Results with biotinylated RBCs are higher than those using chromium as the RBC label-mean values being approximately 83 percent for human chromium-labeled RBCs stored 42 days 15,16 and 92 percent for fresh baboon RBCs labeled with chromium. 17 We have no proven explanation for the apparent difference between results obtained using chromium versus biotin-labeling methods but speculate that, during the biotinylation procedure used to label RBCs for posttrans-fusion kinetic studies, those RBCs damaged during storage and destined to be removed from the bloodstream within the first 24 hours after transfusion are, instead, removed ex vivo by the multiple washing steps of the biotinylation process.…”

“…17 However, our MPL values are modestly shorter than those reported for stored human RBCs, which range from 103 to 116 days in adults, depending on the RBC-labeling method. 9,15,18,19 Because we performed a total of only eight studies (Table 1), the shorter MPL values may not reflect a genuine difference in posttransfusion survival compared with the results of others. The difference may simply be a manifestation of the differences between results using biotinylated versus chromium-labeled RBCs.…”

Long-Term Storage and Preservation of Red Blood Cells

“…In 1983 Fenwal Laboratories (Deerfield, IL) introduced ADSOL (AS-1) solution for 49-day red cell storage (Heaton et al 1984). In 1985 a controversy over the viability of red cell in this product (Heaton et al 1985;Page 1985;eteutler 1985;and Valeri 1985) The switch to additive solutions for red cell preservation resulted in an increase of storage time from 35 days (in CPDA-I) to 42 days.…”

Synthetic polymers enable non-vitreous cellular cryopreservation by reducing ice crystal growth during thawing

“…The need to cryopreserve donated cells, tissues and organs is an escalating problem because of the burgeoning demands of regenerative medicine and organ transplantation in an aging population 4,5 . For example, in the United Kingdom, 6,000 units of blood are required per day, but blood can only be stored effectively for 42 days without cryopreservation and in complex isotonic solutions 6 with unacceptable rates of haemolysis in simple isotonic solutions ( Supplementary Fig. 1) and thus is not routinely undertaken.…”