“…In the aqueous phase, such as ethanol/water [15][16], acetone/water [10,17] or pure water [18][19][20], the ethoxy group of APTES hydrolyzes first, and then forms Si-O-Si bonds with surface silanol groups [21].…”
“…In the aqueous phase, such as ethanol/water [15][16], acetone/water [10,17] or pure water [18][19][20], the ethoxy group of APTES hydrolyzes first, and then forms Si-O-Si bonds with surface silanol groups [21].…”
“…Furthermore, polymer brushes of poly[oligo(ethylene glycol)methacrylate] and poly(dimethylacrylamide- co - N , N -acryloyloxysuccinimide) were grafted on glass slides as supporting matrixes for chip-based immunoassays [7, 8]. Currently, with the development of biotechnology and materials science, amino-modified glass slides in immune bio-detection [9, 10], polymer-coated materials [11], and so on show great potential applications.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The solvent of reaction is still a major factor to determine nodule density and surface morphology. Amino-modified glass slides could be characterized by Fourier transformation IR [12–14], X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) [11, 15], scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscope (AFM), and so on. These characteristics can tell the information about the number of amino, amino layer thickness, amino density, and bonding structure of the surface modification of glass slide.…”
A novel route was introduced to synthesize dense polyacrylamide (PAM) onto the glass slide surface. To investigate the surface chemistry of the PAM on the glass slides, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was utilized to obtain detailed chemical state information on the PAM layer constituents. The XPS peak data were consistent with the presented model of the PAM on the glass slide surface. Scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscope data indicated the presence of PAM on the glass slides, which consist of nodules. The results showed that PAM was successfully immobilized onto glass slides with a two-tier structure under aqueous condition and a monolayer structure under anhydrous condition. Compared with those under aqueous condition, the controllability of the molecular layer on glass slides and the reproducibility under anhydrous condition were much better, which makes anhydrous condition an advisable condition for the study of the reaction mechanisms of glass slides modified by PAM.
“…Initially, during polymerization, the amino (NH 2 ) groups present in the surface of FAC were converted to radicals (NH2+) by the addition of oxidant APS. Here, the oxidant initiates the growth of polyaniline from the amino group of FAC in the reaction mixture [55] and thereby favors the organic–inorganic hybrid coating over the cotton fabric. Figure 1.FTIR spectra of AC and FAC.Scheme 1.Synthesis of FAC coated polyaniline grafted cotton fabrics.…”
Cotton fabric with enhanced ultraviolet shielding behavior was successfully developed by coating functionalized activated carbon and grafting polyaniline hybrid material through in situ polymerization. Initially, the activated carbon was prepared from bio-mass rice husk and then surface functionalized using suitable silane coupling agent. The optimized sample delivers strong ultraviolet shielding ability with a Ultraviolet Protection Factor (UPF) value of 63.9, which is nearly 20 times higher than that of pristine cotton (UPF = 3.2). Moreover, the same sample shows enhanced tensile strength behavior. The structure and morphological studies are also discussed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy for both pristine cotton and hybrid coated fabrics. The results show that the activated carbon derived from rice husk could be a suitable alternate carbon source for ultraviolet shielding when compared with high-cost carbon derivatives. Thus, the developed material can find good high-performance application with better ultraviolet shielding property.
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