Use of an open-tubular trapping column as phase-switching interface in on-line coupled reversed-phase liquid chromatography—capillary gas chromatography

Mol, Hans; Staniewski, Jacek; Janssen, Hans‐Gerd; Cramers, C.A.M.G.; Ghijsen, R. T.; Brinkman, U.A.Th.

doi:10.1016/0021-9673(93)80457-j

Cited by 54 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Mol et al [31] described the use of an open-tubular trapping column as a means of phase switching in on-line reversed phase LC-GC. By use of the breakthrough theory described above (Eqs.…”

Section: Open-tubular Trapping -Liquid Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sorptive sample preparation – a review

Baltussen¹,

2002

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Most sample-enrichment procedures currently available rely on adsorption of the analytes of interest by a suitable adsorbent material. Although good performance can be obtained for many practical problems, in some cases the applicability of adsorptive sample preparation falls short, particularly for the enrichment of polar and/or high-molecular-weight compounds, especially in combination with thermal desorption. Because of the very strong retention of adsorbent materials, undesired effects such as incomplete desorption and artifact formation are observed. Polar solutes are easily adsorbed but readily undergo surface-catalyzed reactions and on desorption yield compounds different than those originally sampled. High-molecular-weight compounds cannot be desorbed because of extremely strong interactions with the adsorbent and their low volatility. To overcome some of these problems sample-preparation techniques based on polydimethylsiloxane sorption have been developed over the past 15 years. In contrast with adsorptive trapping, sorption is based on dissolution of the analytes in a liquid polymeric material. This is a much more inert means of solute retention which overcomes some of the limitations encountered when working with adsorbents. In this contribution, the basic principles of sorption, the different instrumentation used, and applications of the technique will be reviewed. The review covers the sorptive sample-preparation techniques, open-tubular trapping (OTT), solid-phase microextraction (SPME), gum-phase extraction (GPE), equilibrium gum-phase extraction (EGPE), and stir-bar-sorptive extraction (SBSE). Because of the nature of sorptive sample-preparation techniques, which perform particularly well in combination with thermal desorption, this review focuses strongly on gas chromatography as the means of chemical analysis.

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“…Mol et al [31] described the use of an open-tubular trapping column as a means of phase switching in on-line reversed phase LC-GC. By use of the breakthrough theory described above (Eqs.…”

Section: Open-tubular Trapping -Liquid Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sorptive sample preparation – a review

Baltussen¹,

2002

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“…Moreover, a new SPME-HPLC system known as in-tube SPME, was recently developed using an open tubular fused-silica capillary column as the SPME device instead of SPME fiber [7,9,10,11,12,19,25,26,27]. The technique using a GC capillary tube is also known as open-tubular trapping, and can be coupled on-line with GC [50,51,52,53]. Intube SPME is suitable for automation, and automated sample handling procedures not only shorten the total analysis time but also usually provide better accuracy and precision relative to manual techniques.…”

Section: Hiroyuki Kataokamentioning

confidence: 99%

Automated sample preparation using in-tube solid-phase microextraction and its application – a review

Kataoka

2002

Anal Bioanal Chem

271

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Sample preparation, such as extraction, concentration, and isolation of analytes, greatly influences their reliable and accurate analysis. In-tube solid-phase microextraction (SPME) is a new effective sample preparation technique using an open tubular fused-silica capillary column as an extraction device. Organic compounds in aqueous samples are directly extracted and concentrated into the stationary phase of capillary columns by repeated draw/eject cycles of sample solution, and they can be directly transferred to the liquid chromatographic column. In-tube SPME is an ideal sample preparation technique because it is fast to operate, easy to automate, solvent-free, and inexpensive. On-line in-tube SPME-performed continuous extraction, concentration, desorption, and injection using an autosampler, is usually used in combination with high performance liquid chromatography and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. This technique has successfully been applied to the determination of various compounds such as pesticides, drugs, environmental pollutants, and food contaminants. In this review, an overview of the development of in-tube SPME technique and its applications to environmental, clinical, forensic, and food analyses are described.

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“…An alternative phase-switching technique, which was studied by Mol et al [162], involved sorption of the analytes of interest from a methanol-water eluent into the thick-film GC stationary phase of an open-tubular column, removal of the aqueous phase by purging the trap with nitrogen and desorption of the analytes with hexane, which also acts as a swelling agent. Prior to water sampling, the stationary phase was swollen (from 5 to ca.…”

Section: Figure 19mentioning

confidence: 99%