Use of an optical biosensor to measure prostate-specific antigen in whole blood

Fletcher, Janys E.; Stafford, Christopher G.; Daniels, P.B.; Bacarese-Hamilton, Tito

doi:10.1016/0925-4005(95)01666-x

Cited by 14 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Although capillaries have proven to be very successful in separation science, there are no reports of them being used in displacement flow immunosensors. Several recent reports do describe other types of capillary-based sensors: − Wolfbeis et al . reported on the development of “integrated chemical sensors” based on small capillaries; O'Neill et al reported on the use of a capillary fill device as an optical immunosensor using two glass sheets held apart by a gap of capillary dimensions and evanescent-based detection; Cosford and Kuhr 13 reported on the application of a capillary biosensor using a direct binding enzyme assay for glutamate; and Heineman et al .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Capillary-Based Displacement Flow Immunosensor

1997

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We report on the preparation of a novel capillary flow immunosensor for 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT). Anti-TNT antibody is immobilized onto the silanized inner walls of an 800-µm-i.d. glass capillary using a heterobifunctional crosslinker, followed by saturating the capillary with fluorophore-labeled antigen. To perform the assay, an aliquot of TNT solution is injected into the capillary. TNT competes for the binding pocket of the fluorophore-labeled antigen, which is detected downstream. We have demonstrated that the sensitivity of the capillary immunosensor is improved by at least 2 orders of magnitude compared to that of conventional packed-column or membrane-based displacement flow immunosensors. The limit of detection (S/N > 3) for TNT using the capillary immunosensor is 15 pg/mL (7 fmol), and the linear dynamic range is 1-250 ng/mL. The entire assay can be performed in less than 3 min. During 15 injections of 100 ng/mL TNT solution, the signal reproducibility (RSD) was maintained to within 4%.The advantages of immunoassay as a selective, sensitive, and cost-effective method for screening clinical and environmental samples are now widely accepted. 1 Despite the success of the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), 2 its end use is limited due to the requirement of trained personnel and long assay time. These limitations have sparked the development of immunosensors (antibody-based biosensors) using sandwich and competitive immunoassays at the surfaces of optical fibers, 3 planar waveguides, 4 surface acoustic waveguides, 5 plasmon resonance surfaces, 6 and piezoelectric devices. 7 Another class of immunosensors utilizes displacement immunoassays at the surface of antibody-coated beads 8 or membranes. 9 This report describes a novel capillary-based displacement continuous-flow immunosensor (capillary immunosensor hereafter) for the explosive 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) which improves the sensitivity of the sensor by at least 2 orders of magnitude compared to that of the previously used packed-column 8 and membrane-based 9 flow immunosensors or to that of an ELISA using the same antibody reagents. 8b Microcapillaries offer the advantages of high surface-to-volume interaction, laminar flow, and reduced band-broadening effects compared to packed columns. 10 Although capillaries have proven to be very successful in separation science, 10 there are no reports of them being used in displacement flow immunosensors. Several recent reports do describe other types of capillary-based sensors: [11][12][13] reported on the development of "integrated chemical sensors" based on small capillaries; O'Neill et al. 12 reported on the use of a capillary fill device as an optical immunosensor using two glass sheets held apart by a gap of capillary dimensions and evanescent-based detection; Cosford and Kuhr 13 reported on the application of a capillary biosensor using a direct binding enzyme assay for glutamate; and Heineman et al. 14 reported on the use of capillary enzyme immunoassay with electrochemical detection for the...

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confidence: 99%

Capillary-Based Displacement Flow Immunosensor

1997

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“…In principle, optical biosensors use light as the medium for detecting the target signals. The form of luminescence and the intensity and stability of the light signal that reaches the sensing (active) layer are the core of this type of sensor [84]. From this perspective, optical biosensors could be divided into three types according to the way the light signal of the sensing layer is generated: the first, a passive type without an excitation source; the second type with the light signal as the excitation source; and the third type with the electrical signal as the excitation source [85].…”

Section: Optical Biosensormentioning

confidence: 99%

Thin-film transistor arrays for biological sensing systems

Wang

Liu²,

et al. 2022

Flex. Print. Electron.

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Thin film transistor (TFT) active matrix arrays have been developed to achieve many applications, including flat panel displays, digital X-rays, digital microfluidics and high-throughput biosensors. Here, we focus on a review on TFT array technologies for biological sensing systems, which are regarded as one of the most promising emerging application fields of TFTs. As an important part of the biological sensing system, the digital microfluidic (DMF) chip will be introduced. In particular, development of the TFT-based active matrix DMF (AM-DMF) chips, which possess the characteristics of higher throughput and higher flexibility of manipulating liquid samples, will be discussed in details. Further, the developed TFT array based biological sensing systems will be summarized and discussed as well. Finally, we present prospects for AM-DMF chips and biosensors, along with a brief conclusion.

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“…Another strategy focuses on the identification of pre-selected RNA markers using reverse transcriptase/polymerase chain reactions (RT/PCR) [19]. These strategies based on CTC detection are complementary to those involving the determination of prostate cancer biomarkers such as prostate-specific antigen (PSA) [20][21][22] and prostate cancer antigen 3 (PCA3) [23][24][25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polysaccharide Multilayer Films in Sensors for Detecting Prostate Tumor Cells Based on Hyaluronan-CD44 Interactions

Neto

Soares

Bataglioli

et al. 2020

Cells

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The increasing need for point-of-care diagnosis has sparked the development of label-free sensing platforms, some of which are based on impedance measurements with biological cells. Here, interdigitated electrodes were functionalized with layer-by-layer (LbL) films of hyaluronan (HA) and chitosan (CHI) to detect prostatic tumor cells (PC3 line). The deposition of LbL films was confirmed with atomic force microscopy and polarization-modulated infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy (PM-IRRAS), which featured the vibrational modes of the HA top layer capable of interacting specifically with glycoprotein CD44 receptors overexpressed in tumor cells. Though the CHI/HA LbL films cannot be considered as a traditional biosensor due to their limited selectivity, it was possible to distinguish prostate tumor cells in the range from 50 to 600 cells/µL in in vitro experiments with impedance spectroscopy. This was achieved by treating the impedance data with information visualization methods, which confirmed the distinguishing ability of the films by observing the absence of false positives in a series of control experiments. The CD44–HA interactions may, therefore, be exploited in clinical analyses and point-of-care diagnostics for cancer, particularly if computational methods are used to process the data.

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Use of an optical biosensor to measure prostate-specific antigen in whole blood

Cited by 14 publications

References 13 publications

Capillary-Based Displacement Flow Immunosensor

Capillary-Based Displacement Flow Immunosensor

Thin-film transistor arrays for biological sensing systems

Polysaccharide Multilayer Films in Sensors for Detecting Prostate Tumor Cells Based on Hyaluronan-CD44 Interactions

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