Use of benzodiazepines non-compliant with guidelines in patients with psychiatric and non-psychiatric chronic disorders

Panes, Arnaud; Verdoux, Hélène; Fourrier‐Réglat, Annie; Berdaï, Driss; Pariente, Alexandre; Tournier, Marie

doi:10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2020.03.006

Cited by 6 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 32 publications

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“…Previous studies have shown decreasing trends in the consumption of BZDs in developed countries [2,[11][12][13][14][15][16], along with increased consumption of Z-drugs in some countries [11,15,16]. Based on existing evidence, a consensus was found that the consumption of BZDs and Z-drugs increased with age [11,17,18], and is likely to be associated with the presence of chronic diseases [19][20][21]. Moreover, increased risks of some adverse outcomes, including cognitive decline [22,23], Alzheimer's disease [24] and injury [25,26] were found in older adults with a history of BZDs and Z-drugs use.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global trends in the consumption of benzodiazepines and Z-drugs in 67 countries and regions from 2008 to 2018: a sales data analysis

Wang

Qin

et al. 2023

Sleep

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Study objectives To investigate the trends in the consumption of benzodiazepines (BZDs) and Z-drugs at global, regional, and national levels from 2008 to 2018, across 67 countries and regions. Methods This cross-sectional descriptive study investigated the consumption of BZDs and Z-drugs analysed by global pharmaceutical sales data from the IQVIA-Multinational Integrated Data Analysis System database between 2008 and 2018. Consumption was measured in defined daily dose per 1,000 inhabitants per day (DDD/TID). The global, regional, and national trends were estimated using linear mixed models. Additional analyses were conducted by grouping countries by income levels. The association between consumption and Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and the prevalence of different medical conditions was explored in univariable linear models. Results BZD consumption decreased annually by -1.88% (95% CI: -2.27%, -1.48%), and Z-drugs increased by +3.28% (+2.55%, +4.01%). In 2008, the top ten countries for BZD and Z-drug consumption were all European, ranging from 63.69 to 128.24 DDD/TID. Very low levels were found in Russia, Kuwait, United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia, French West Africa, and the Philippines, with DDD/TID <1. The consumption in high-income countries was much higher than in middle-income countries. The results showed that increased consumption of BZDs and Z-drugs was statistically associated (P<0.05) with higher GDP and increased prevalence of anxiety, self-harm, neurological disorders, chronic respiratory diseases, cardiovascular diseases and cancers. Conclusions Distinct differences in consumption and trends of BZDs and Z-drugs were found across different countries and regions. Further exploration is needed to understand the association and safety of the use of BZDs and Z-drugs in patients with comorbidities.

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