Use of catalytic oxidation and dehydrogenation of hydrocarbons reactions to highlight improvement of heat transfer in catalytic metallic foams

Löfberg, Axel; Essakhi, A.; Paul, Sébastien; Swesi, Yousef; Zanota, Marie-Line; Meille, Valérie; Pitault, Isabelle; Supiot, Philippe; Mutel, B.; Courtois, Véronique Le; Bordes‐Richard, Elisabeth

doi:10.1016/j.cej.2011.04.064

Cited by 22 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Very few reports have been published in the literature on structured systems applied to the oxidative dehydrogenation reaction at low temperatures and most of them are mainly devoted to propane [20,21]. Therefore, the development of non-conventional reactor configurations leading to an increasing energy efficiency and the optimization of the reaction temperature control as well as to higher values of activity and/or selectivity looks like an interesting challenge.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Ni and Ni–Ce/Al2O3 catalysts in granulated and structured forms: Their possible use in the oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane reaction

Bortolozzi

Weiß

Gutierrez

et al. 2014

Chemical Engineering Journal

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Ni and Ni–Ce/Al2O3 catalysts in granulated and structured forms: Their possible use in the oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane reaction

Bortolozzi

Weiß

Gutierrez

et al. 2014

Chemical Engineering Journal

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“…Because h cond ≫ h conv , structured beds transfer more heat in smaller volumes, minimizing reactor dimensions, which respects the principles of process intensification . Even for highly exothermic and endothermic reactions, these beds operate isothermally, which is ideal to study reaction kinetics …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

FeCrAl as a Catalyst Support

et al. 2020

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The iron-chromium-aluminum alloy (FeCrAl) is an exceptional support for highly exothermic and endothermic reactions that operate above 700 °C in chemically aggressive environments, where low heat and mass transfer rates limit reaction yield. FeCrAl two-and three-dimensional structured networksmonoliths, foams, and fibersmaximize mass transfer rates, while their remarkable thermal conductivity minimizes hot spots and thermal gradients. Another advantage of the open FeCrAl structure is the low pressure drop due to the high void fraction and regularity of the internal path. The surface Al 2 O 3 layer, formed after an initial thermal oxidation, supports a wide range of metal and metal oxide active phases. The aluminum oxide that adheres to the metal surface protects it from corrosive atmospheres and carbon (carburization), thus allowing FeCrAl to operate at a higher temperature. The top applications are industrial burners, in which compact knitted metal fibers distribute heat over large surface areas, and automotive tail gas converters. Future applications include producing H 2 and syngas from remote natural gas in modular units. This Review summarizes the specific preparation techniques, details process operating conditions and catalyst performance of several classes of reactions, and highlights positive and challenging aspects of FeCrAl.

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“…Several plausible hypotheses have been suggested in the literature to account for the enhanced C–H activation using plasma–catalyst combinations: (1) gas-phase electron impact-regulated hydrocarbon dissociation caused by the plasma, ,− (2) the generation of increased temperature catalytic sites, ,− (3) the direct interaction between active metal surfaces and the plasma, ,,,− and (4) packed-bed effects due to enhanced electric fields from the use of porous dielectric materials. ,,,− However, although these postulations have been previously suggested, there are only a few reports that have explored the relative contributions of these phenomena to plasma-driven C–H activation assisted by catalysts. ,,, …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another possible contributor to the CH 4 activation enhancement is the generation of surface catalytic sites at higher temperatures compared to the bulk gas temperature due to DBD plasma filaments heating the catalytic surface. ,− To verify the temperature in the reactor, we performed melting point studies with antimony to determine if the DBD plasma created higher surface temperatures, which would melt antimony at lower bulk temperatures than nonplasma experiments (Figure S5). These experiments provided evidence that the DBD plasma increased the bulk reactor temperature by only ∼10 K or less.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing C–H Bond Activation of Methane via Temperature-Controlled, Catalyst–Plasma Interactions

Kim

Abbott

et al. 2016

ACS Energy Lett.

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Recent shale gas discoveries and advances in plasma chemistry provide the basis to exploit metal surface−plasma interactions to precisely control C−H bond activation on catalytic surfaces, leading to improved reaction efficiencies. Although the exact determination of plasma−catalyst interactions remains a topic of continuing research, this Letter provides evidence that plasma− catalyst interactions exist and can be used to significantly enhance the activation of C−H bonds at temperatures >630 K, probed by the catalytic dry reforming of methane with carbon dioxide using Ni/ Al 2 O 3 . We systematically varied bulk temperature and plasma power to determine Ni−plasma interactions. In contrast to reactions at low temperatures (<630 K), CH 4 conversion, H 2 yield (selectivity), and forward CH 4 consumption rate were significantly enhanced at higher temperatures with plasma (>8 fold increase). Other competing contributors, such as gas-phase plasma reactions, charge confinement, and plasma-driven enhanced bulk gas temperatures, played minor roles when operating at temperatures >630 K. W ith the recent discovery of worldwide shale gas reserves, the interest in directly converting light hydrocarbons to fuels and chemicals has substantially increased. These nontrivial chemical transformations of hydrocarbons 1,2 require precise control of C−H bond activation on the catalyst surface through oxidative 3−5 or nonoxidative 6−8 dehydrogenation, coupling, 9−11 partial oxidation, 12−14 or carbonylation 15,16 for selective and efficient conversion to more valuable products. This catalytic activation, however, remains a formidable task primarily because of the chemical inertness of C−H bonds. 1,2,17−21 Therefore, substantial energy input through external heating is required to overcome the activation barrier during conventional catalytic conversions. 3,22−24 Nonthermal plasmas, in contrast, have been employed as highly promising reaction media for converting a wide range of saturated hydrocarbons to syngas, alcohols, and unsaturated analogues under ambient pressure and low temperature (<473 K) with no external heating. 20,23,25−28 As a relevant example, dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma generated in the presence of dielectric materials (e.g., SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , and BaTiO 3 ) leads to the production of free gas-phase electrons with high energies (>1 eV) under an applied electric field. 20,23,25−28 These can subsequently excite hydrocarbon species via radical formation, ionization, vibrational excitation, and rotational excitation (e.g., ·CH 3 and CH 4 * in Figure 1a). 2,23,25,29−31 Excitation in these ways can lower the barrier required to activate C−H bonds and/or change the reaction pathway, thereby facilitating hydrocarbon transformation. 2,25,29 Moreover, the benefits of DBD plasma for C−H activation reactions can be further enhanced through the addition of transition-metal catalysts on dielectric supports (e.g., Ni,22,24,29 Pt,23 or Cu/ZnO 20 on Al 2 O 3 24 in Figure 1b) and/or dielectric materials with high relative ...

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Use of catalytic oxidation and dehydrogenation of hydrocarbons reactions to highlight improvement of heat transfer in catalytic metallic foams

Cited by 22 publications

References 32 publications

Comparison of Ni and Ni–Ce/Al2O3 catalysts in granulated and structured forms: Their possible use in the oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane reaction

Comparison of Ni and Ni–Ce/Al2O3 catalysts in granulated and structured forms: Their possible use in the oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane reaction

FeCrAl as a Catalyst Support

Enhancing C–H Bond Activation of Methane via Temperature-Controlled, Catalyst–Plasma Interactions

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