“…A search of the published literature worldwide found limited research about the use of chaperones overseas whether in primary care [ 5 , 12 , 14 , 15 ] or hospital clinics [ 6 , 16 – 19 ] about patients' awareness [ 13 , 17 , 20 ], protection for patients and/or doctors [ 3 , 11 , 21 ], or guidelines [ 22 – 24 ]. Similarly, little literature was found about the use of chaperones in Australia; results of two studies conducted in sexual health clinics [ 4 , 25 , 26 ], commentaries about doctors' misconduct [ 1 ], and risk management [ 27 ], as well as three documents providing medicolegal guidance [ 7 , 28 , 29 ].…”