Use of co-grinding as a solvent-free solid state method to synthesize dibenzophenazines

Abstract

Many synthetic methods exist for dibenzoquinoxalines but only a few for dibenzophenazines and their aza derivatives and even less are 'green'. Some dibenzophenazines and dibenzopyridoquinoxaline have been efficiently obtained with good to excellent yield by a very simple method which does not require use of solvent or catalyst. Solid phase synthesis using co-grinding presents thus many advantages in developing greener synthetic organic pathways.

Environmentally green approach to synthesize azo dyes based on 1-naphthol using nano BF3·SiO2under solvent-free conditions

“…To explore the reason of this stability, FT-IR spectrum of 4-chlorophenyl diazonium salt was studied ( Figure 3). In this spectrum, the ethanolic OH and existing moisture in nano silica gel and BF 3 According to this information, the structure of diazonium salts supported on nano BF 3 ·SiO 2 was Figure 2. XRD patterns of (a) nano silica gel and (b) nano BF 3 ·SiO 2 .…”

“…At the beginning of the new century, synthesis of organic compounds using grinding technique under solvent-free conditions (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8) has received much attention, as it provides manipulative simplicity, greater selectivity, easier workup, lesser reaction times, and higher yields which match with the green chemistry protocol. On the other side, more attention has been directed toward the application of solid acids in organic synthesis because such reagents not only simplify purification processes but also help prevent release of reaction residues into the environment (9,10).…”

Ball Milling for Heterocyclic Compounds Synthesis in Green Chemistry: A Review

“…Carlier et al [38] showed that reaction between diamines and 1,2-or 1,3-dicarbonyls by ball milling provided dibenzophenazines and dibenzopyridoquinoxaline derivatives (Scheme 28) without any catalyst or solvent. These products were also obtained in high yields.…”

Preparation of Aluminium Hydroxide with Mechanochemical Synthesis in the Middle School Laboratory Lesson

“…The mechanisms of mechanochemical transformations are often complex and different from usual thermal or photochemical mechanisms [2,3]. The method of ball milling is a widely used process in which mechanical force is used to achieve chemical processing and transformations [4].…”