Use of collard green stalks as environmental enrichment for cockatiels ( Nymphicus hollandicus ) kept in captivity

Carvalho, Thatijanne Santos Gonzaga de; Saad, C.E.P.; Alvarenga, Renata Ribeiro; Ferreira, Walter Motta; Assis, V. D. L. de; Pereira, Virginia M.; Scalon, João Domingos; Silva, J. P; Zangerônimo, Márcio Gilberto

doi:10.1590/1678-4162-8988

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…This might be due to the use of natural vegetation for environmental enrichment that did not have much nutritional value. Similar to our findings, Carvalho et al (2017) reported there were no differences on feeding and biting behaviour of cockatiels in captivity when collard green stalks used as environmental enrichment.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Effects of environmental enrichment on ostrich behaviours

YILMAZ DİKMEN

2023

Tavukçuluk Araştırma Dergisi

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This study was aimed to investigate the behavioural differences of ostrich (Struthio camelus) breeders reared under environmental enrichment with natural vegetation in farm conditions. The effect of enriched environment with vegetation on eating, drinking, foraging, pecking, defecation, walking, running, alert, standing, sitting, sleeping, dust bathing, preening, head shake, thermoregulation, kantel, mating, laying, threat and fight behaviours of ostriches were found similar (P > 0.05). The ratio of boom, courtship and displace behaviours were found higher in enriched than in gravel floor (P=0.050; P=0.028 and P=0.001). The foraging, dust bathing, boom, laying and displace behaviours of ostriches were affected by gender (P=0.029, P=0.040, P=0.050, P=0.025 and P=0.001). The eating, foraging, standing, sitting, dust bathing and laying behaviours of ostriches were affected by time of day (P=0.010, P=0.023, P=0.049, P=0.026, P=0.018 and P=0.009). There was a significant interaction of enriched environment and gender effect on eating, standing, boom and displace behaviours of ostriches (P=0.047, P=0.031, P=0.050 and P=0.001). The pecking and standing behaviours of ostriches were affected by enriched environment and time of day interaction (P=0.027 and P=0.023). As a conclusion, enriched environment with natural vegetation in paddock only affected ostriches’ courtship behaviours, also affected male and female eating and standing behaviours differently.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Effects of environmental enrichment on ostrich behaviours

YILMAZ DİKMEN

2023

Tavukçuluk Araştırma Dergisi

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“…It is important to underline that the absence of information related on some taxa in our findings was not necessarily due to a lack of scientific studies but rather to a lack of significant results. For instance, we found that the provision of physical enrichment was linked to changes of preening in the genera Amazona, Ara and Pyrrhura (115-118), but not in Nymphicus (119, 120). In fact, none of the results obtained from this genus presented a significant p-value.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

What We (Don’t) Know about Parrot Welfare: A Systematic Literature Review

Piseddu,

van Zeeland,

Rault

2024

Preprint

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Parrots are popular companion animals but show prevalent and at times severe welfare issues. Nonetheless, there are no scientific tools available to assess parrot welfare. The aim of this systematic review was to identify valid and feasible outcome measures that could be used as welfare indicators for companion parrots. From 1848 peer-reviewed studies retrieved, 98 met our inclusion and exclusion criteria (e.g. experimental studies, captive parrots). For each outcome collected, validity was assessed based on the statistical significance reported by the authors, as other validity parameters were rarely available for evaluation. Feasibility was assigned by considering the need for specific instruments, veterinary-level expertise or handling the parrot. A total of 1512 outcomes were evaluated, of which 572 had a significant p-value and were considered feasible. These included changes in behaviour (e.g. activity level, social interactions, exploration), body measurements (e.g. body weight, plumage condition) and abnormal behaviours, amongst others. However, a high risk of bias undermined the internal validity of these outcomes. Moreover, a strong taxonomic bias, a predominance of studies on parrots in laboratories, and an underrepresentation of companion parrots jeopardized their external validity. These results provide a promising starting point for validating a set of welfare indicators in parrots.

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“…The nine‐banded armadillo is the only reliable laboratory model for epidemiological study of leprosy ( Mycobacterium leprae ) and is used for drug trials due to the genetic similarities of its offspring (Sharma et al, 2013). Research on this species dominates existing literature on armadillo health, ecology, and physiology (Carvalho et al, 2017; Loughry et al, 2015). Laboratory animals can benefit from ecologically relevant EE because it enables animals to adapt more easily to new environments and perform better in cognitive‐based tasks (Simpson & Kelly, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the impact of environmental enrichment on behavior in understudied armadillo species: A case study

Kelly,

Rose

2023

Zoo Biology

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The implementation of environmental enrichment (EE) can be effective in promoting zoo animal welfare by enhancing the performance of natural or species‐typical behaviors. Research on the effects of EE is biased towards larger mammalian species, with less charismatic species being overlooked. Armadillos are one such overlooked example. A captive environment that results in inactivity, obesity, and associated poor health can negatively affect armadillo well‐being. The aim of this study was to evaluate how the implementation of four physical object‐based EEs could positively affect the behaviors of three armadillo species, housed in four similar exhibits. Behavioral data were collected both before (baseline) and during (treatment) EE periods, alongside of visitor number and environmental temperatures. The EE comprised of a plastic ball or a cardboard tube or a cardboard box, or a scatter‐feed, and these were rotated each week of study until each exhibit had received them in turn. Despite the presence of different EE types, activity remained low throughout the study. However, results suggest that the plastic ball and cardboard box increased exploratory behaviors in the armadillos, but no overall increase in activity was noted during the scatter feed. Visitor presence had no effect on armadillo activity, and armadillos showed reduced activity with increasing environmental temperature. Overall, the use of physical object‐based EE promoted beneficial natural behaviors in zoo‐housed armadillos, but environmental conditions (i.e., temperature) also impacted armadillo activity, suggesting a complicated relationship between an enclosure's environmental variable and any behavioral husbandry measures.

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Use of collard green stalks as environmental enrichment for cockatiels ( Nymphicus hollandicus ) kept in captivity

Cited by 8 publications

References 21 publications

Effects of environmental enrichment on ostrich behaviours

Effects of environmental enrichment on ostrich behaviours

What We (Don’t) Know about Parrot Welfare: A Systematic Literature Review

Assessing the impact of environmental enrichment on behavior in understudied armadillo species: A case study

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