Surgical infection and associated complications are minimized by a combination of appropriate sterile technique and careful surgical technique. This review covers the essential elements of infection control for the office-based surgical practice. Recommendations are made concerning operating room facilities, instrument sterilization, and tray set-up (Part I, J Dermatol Surg Oncol 14:1364-1371, 1988). Part II addresses surgical prepping, surgical technique, and prophylactic antibiotics.