Use of Dynamic and Colored Stereogram to Measure Stereopsis in Strabismic Patients

Dynamic cues to binocular depth

“…This finding provides a potential explanation for the observation that those without measurable static stereo-acuity seem to perceive volumetric 3D depth at the cinema, 5,6 and can accurately report changes in depth when these are presented dynamically. [25][26][27][28] The lowest thresholds were found for the Z-LOCATION CHANGE condition (changing disparity/ fixed pattern), which is consistent with the idea that the CDOT cue alone is not solely responsible for depth detection of motion-in-depth stimuli, but that another cue, the IOVD cue, might be utilised, in line with previous reports. 33 Additional experiments have been conducted to determine whether isolation of the IOVD cue results in the perception of depth.…”

“…25,26 Other studies suggest that the presence of dynamic disparity results in the identification of motion in depth, where static disparity demonstrated no depth. 27,28 Furthermore, the time taken to identify which target is closest to an observer is significantly shorter when the target moves through depth, even if the stationary presentation has a larger amount of disparity. 29 When asked to compare static and dynamic targets, observers matched smaller amounts of disparity when motion in depth was present, compared with a static disparity target.…”

Effect of Motion Stimulation Without Changing Binocular Disparity on Stereopsis in Strabismus Patients

“…Due to this difference in processing pathways, patients who fail static stereopsis testing may still pass dynamic stereopsis testing. 1, 3-5 In a study using DRDS to assess dynamic stereopsis, Fujikado et al 1 reported the pass rate for dynamic stereopsis was higher in esotropic patients than in exotropic patients. The reason cited was that in esotropia, where suppression was limited centrally and peripheral fusion was Key words: stereopsis, strabismus, exotropia, esotropia, intermittent exotropia, static stereogram, moving stereogram, portable game device Marked advances in imaging technology have inundated our daily lives with 3-D images, which has led us to reconsider the types of equipment used for stereo testing in pediatric ophthalmology.…”

“…Even in strabismus patients without static stereopsis, spatial effects can often be recognized on three-dimensional (3-D) imaging. 1 Many visual stimuli in daily life are "dynamic," so dynamic stereopsis is also important. 2 Surprisingly, motion stereopsis can still be detected in many strabismus patients without static stereopsis.…”

“…2 Surprisingly, motion stereopsis can still be detected in many strabismus patients without static stereopsis. 1,[3][4][5] This "motion" in dynamic stereopsis can be examined by binocular depth-from-motion (BDFM) 3-5 or a dynamic random-dot stereogram (DRDS) 1-6 of changes in disparity. BDFM assesses stereopsis due to motion parallax and differs from static stereoscopic testing.…”