Kidney disease affects about 10% of the population, a high incidence, which shows the relevance in investments to minimize them. To reduce their consequences, some patients require hemodialysis and even transplantation. Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome, an autoimmune disease in which there is chronic complement cleavage, with production of C5a and MAC complexes that deposit in the kidney capillary endolel causing sclerosis in the vessels and kidney fibrosis, can be reactivated after transplantation and thus destroy the new kidney. However, with the onset of Eculizumab, a monoclonal antibody, the prognosis of this syndrome changed. This article aims to explain the mechanisms of action of eculizumab, emphasizing studies regarding its therapeutic efficacy and care to be taken. This article consists of a qualitative research, with a systematic review of the literature, in which 45 documents were analyzed, and 13 papers published since 2004, being eliminated articles with little scientific evidence, studies with bias. A study done by ZUBER et. Al. in 2012, demonstrated efficacy in all patients in the prevention of HUS. As a conclusion, Eculizumab was shown to be effective in the presence of HUS.