Use of EIS for the evaluation of the protective properties of coatings for metallic cultural heritage: a review

Cano, E.; Lafuente, Diana; Bastidas, David M.

doi:10.1007/s10008-009-0902-6

Cited by 230 publications

(136 citation statements)

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“…Heritage metals are often coated as part of a conservation treatment to protect the metal surface from atmospheric deteriogens [1][2][3][4][5]. The coating of lead by long chain carboxylates by immersion has been studied extensively [6][7][8][9][10][11][12].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This implies a significant improvement of the coating properties by forming the coating on a corroded sample. That said, the low coating resistance (5 kΩ cm 2 ) does not represent a reasonably protective coating [1]; lead carboxylates deposited in this way merely passivate the surface and provide porous or patchy coverage. Figure 2b shows the corresponding Bode phase plots.…”

Section: X-ray Diffractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Further advances in lead carboxylate coatings: coating unprimed heritage lead

2016

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Further to the previously published work in this journal "Towards a new coating for heritage lead", a coating has been trialled with samples replicating aged lead artefacts. Lead was corroded in an oak environment to simulate storage or display in a wooden case then coated with ethanolic solutions of tetradecanoic and octadecanoic acid. X-ray diffraction and electrochemical impedance data suggests an better-quality coating is formed leading to improved corrosion resistance.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: X-ray Diffractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Further advances in lead carboxylate coatings: coating unprimed heritage lead

2016

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“…In order to validate the gelified electrolyte, a comparison has been made using a traditional flat-sample cell [1], using both the liquid (traditional) electrolyte and the G-PE, keeping all other geometrical parameters of the cell identical.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Inthe metallic heritage field, they have been used for restoration purposes for a long time, but their use for evaluation of protection systems and patinas is much more recent and less popular [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel gel polymer electrolyte cell for in-situ application of corrosion electrochemical techniques

Cano

Crespo

Lafuente

et al. 2014

Electrochemistry Communications

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Electrochemical techniques, such as electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), are widely used for corrosion studies. However, their applicability to studies on metallic cultural heritage has been less spread due to the usual need of performing measurements in-situ on sculptures or monuments. This paper presents the development of a gel polymer electrolyte (G-PE) cell to overcome the difficulties associated with the use of liquid electrolytes for in-situ measurements. 5% agar has been employed to gelify a 0.3 M NaCl electrolyte. Laboratory comparison has demonstrated that gelification with agar does not affect EIS results in a significant way. A robust and convenient electrochemical cell has been fabricated using this G-PE and has been successfully applied to obtain EIS data from a bronze sculpture in the National Archaeological Museum in Madrid (Spain).

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“…During the last years, the number of such contributions tends to increase, reflecting a growing interest on the electrochemical methods and appliances. For example, during 2009-2010, a series of reviews were presented on the electrochemical techniques for the conservation and monitoring of archeological heritage [1][2][3], polarization resistance approach for the corrosion studies [4], selected conceptual aspects in the developments of electrochemical sensors [5][6][7][8][9], (photo)electrochemical preparation and characterization of nanostructures on silicon surfaces [10][11][12], methods for evaluation and improvement of metal hydride electrodes [13], key theoretical issues and modeling principles of the electron transfer reactions [14], and design of hybrid materials [15] and electrodes of lithium batteries and solid oxide fuel cells [16][17][18]. These and other emerging topics will also be addressed in numerous works planned for publication in 2011-2012.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Methodological aspects of electrochemical science and technology: a selection of reviews

Хартон

Aurbach

2011

J Solid State Electrochem

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Solid-state electrochemistry is a rapidly developing scientific field that integrates many aspects of the classical electrochemical science and engineering, solid-state chemistry and physics, materials science, heterogeneous catalysis, and other areas of physical chemistry. This field comprises, but is not limited to, electrochemistry of solid materials, thermodynamics and kinetics of electrochemical reactions involving at least one solid phase, transport of ions and electrons in solids and interactions between solid, liquid, and/or gaseous phases whenever these processes are essentially determined by properties of solids and are relevant to the electrochemical reactions, and a variety of practical applications using solid electrolytes, mixed ionicelectronic conductors, and solid-state electrochemical reactions. The range of these applications includes many types of batteries, fuel cells, capacitors and accumulators, numerous sensors and analytical appliances, electrochemical gas pumps and compressors, electrochromic and memory devices, ceramic membranes with ionic or mixed ionic-electronic conductivity, solid-state electrolyzers and electrocatalytic reactors, synthesis of new materials with improved properties, and corrosion protection. The first fundamental discoveries considered now as the foundation of solid-state electrochemistry were made in the nineteenth and first half of the twentieth centuries by M. Faraday, E. Warburg, W. Nernst, C. Tubandt, W. Schottky, C. Wagner, and other famous scientists. Their works provided background for the fast progress achieved both in the understanding of the solid-state electrochemical processes and in the applied developments during the second half of the twentieth century. Apart from the fundamental electrochemical phenomena, many experimental methods and theoretical approaches elaborated in the classical works are used in solid-state electrochemistry up to now, in combination with advanced technological and scientific facilities and, often, novel concepts and models.As for any other area, the progress in solid-state electrochemistry leads both to new horizons and to new challenges. In particular, the increasing demands for higher performance of the electrochemical devices lead to the necessity to develop novel approaches for the nanometerscale optimization of materials and interfaces, for analysis and modeling of highly non-ideal systems, and for overcoming numerous gaps in knowledge, which became only possible due to recent achievements in the related areas of science and technology. As for technological implementation of experimental and theoretical concepts extending from the nano to macro levels, continuous efforts are always necessary to introduce state-of-the-art electrochemical techniques to the closely related scientific areas and to adopt their advanced methods to study electrochemical systems. Moreover, the rising amount and diversity of available scientific information during the last decades increase the importance of systematization, verification, unificat...

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Use of EIS for the evaluation of the protective properties of coatings for metallic cultural heritage: a review

Cited by 230 publications

References 50 publications

Further advances in lead carboxylate coatings: coating unprimed heritage lead

Further advances in lead carboxylate coatings: coating unprimed heritage lead

A novel gel polymer electrolyte cell for in-situ application of corrosion electrochemical techniques

Methodological aspects of electrochemical science and technology: a selection of reviews

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