Use of Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid in Pulp Mills and Effects on Metal Mobility and Primary Production

Eklund, Britta; Bruno, Ellen; Lithner, Göran; Borg, H.

doi:10.1897/1551-5028(2002)021<1040:uoeaip>2.0.co;2

Cited by 10 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The test has been used in many applications, e.g. investigations of toxicity of single chemicals (Eklund 2005) and complex pollution matrices (Eklund et al 2002;Karlsson and Eklund 2004;Karlsson et al 2006). One of the advantages of the species is that it can be adapted to salinities between 4‰ and 32‰.…”

Section: Whole Sediment and Leachate Tests With C Tenuicorne-growth mentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological and chemical characterization of harbour sediments from the Stockholm area

et al. 2009

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Purpose The main objective of the current study was to assess the impact of pleasure boat activities on harbour sediment quality in the Stockholm area. Sediment contamination is a growing ecological issue, and there is consequently a need to use sediment bioassays in combination with chemical analysis to determine the impact on the ecosystem. To generate sediment toxicity data relevant for the Baltic Sea, a secondary objective was to further develop and evaluate two well-established bioassays for saltwater, with the macroalga Ceramium tenuicorne and the crustacean Nitocra spinipes, to be useful also for toxicity testing of whole sediment. A major concern has been to minimize any manipulation of the sediments. A third objective was to assess whether a simple leaching procedure could be used to simulate sediment toxicity by comparing results from whole sediment and leachate tests. Materials and methods Surface sediments (0-2 cm) from five different types of pleasure boat harbours were collected. Chemical measurements of boat related compounds, i.e. tin organic substances (tributyltin (TBT), dibutyl tin, and monobutyl tin), polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), copper, zinc, lead, tin and irgarol were conducted. The sediments were tested for toxic effects using the established Microtox® test as well as the developed sediment tests with C. tenuicorne and N. spinipes. The endpoints are growth inhibition for the algal test and for the crustacean test mortality of larvae and rate of development expressed as the ratio between nauplia and copepodites. Two different procedures have been compared with both organisms, i.e. exposure to whole sediment and to leachate. The duration of both tests is around 1 week. Results and discussion All harbour locations were more or less heavily contaminated with remnants from use of antifouling paints. The sediment in a smaller marina (ca. 250 boats) contained the highest levels of TBT (max 1,400 µg/kg dry weight (dw)), whereas the centre of Stockholm City had the highest concentrations of all measured metals (max values Cu 252, Pb 830, Sn 25 and Zn 600 µg/kg dw) as well as high concentrations of total PAH (18 mg/kg dw). All three organisms were well suited to test the toxicity of contaminated sediments and were able to discriminate between more or less polluted sediments. The sediments in the smaller marina were most toxic along with sediments adjacent to slipways and sediments from the centre of Stockholm. No significant difference was found between the two different procedures for the algal tests. The whole sediment test was significantly more toxic to N. spinipes than the test using leachate. Conclusions Our results show that in spite of prohibition for many years to use tin organic substances and copper, boat activities still contribute with high concentrations of these toxic substances from anti-fouling paints in the surface sediment and that these have effects on organisms normally living in this environment. The present study has also demonstrated an expansion of two well-established t...

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Section: Whole Sediment and Leachate Tests With C Tenuicorne-growth mentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological and chemical characterization of harbour sediments from the Stockholm area

et al. 2009

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“…Other recent studies have focused on the reduction of O 2 by the Fe II EDTA complex along with the related aminocarboxylate chelates [7,[10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. In addition, recent interests regarding the iron-EDTA and aminocarboxylates include general reactivity in the oxidationreduction reactions and the fate in the natural environment after the extensive use in the industrial processes [17][18][19][20].…”

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confidence: 99%

Cyclic voltammetric and aqueous equilibria model study of the pH dependant iron(II/III)ethylenediamminetetraacetate complex reduction potential

Shimizu

Hutcheson

Engelmann

et al. 2007

Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry

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“…Even when most of the transition metals are precipitated during the process as dregs into green liquor , sodium, calcium, magnesium, potassium, iron, copper and zinc have been detected in the effluent Eklund et al 2002).…”

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Characterization of E1 Kraft Mill Effluent by Toxicity Identification Evaluation Methodology

Reyes

Chamorro

Yeber

et al. 2008

Water Air Soil Pollut

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In order to recover and reuse water in the Kraft mill process, evaluation of separate streams is required to identify toxic compounds or microcontaminants. The stage E1 Kraft effluent, corresponding to the first extraction step of the bleaching Kraft mill process, provides the main toxic compounds found in the final process effluent. This paper uses the toxicity identification evaluation (TIE) procedure for the physicochemical and ecotoxicological characterization of the E1 Kraft effluent. To distinguish the most important toxic compounds, a physicochemical characterization and Phase I of the TIE procedure were performed. The acute toxic effect of the E1 Kraft effluent and treated fraction was performed on Daphnia magna. Results show that untreated E1 Kraft effluent exerts an acute toxic effect on D. magna (24 h LC 50 =27.6%), where the E1 Kraft effluent is characterized by pH 10.5, chemical organic demand (COD) 1,348.8 mg/l, and biological organic demand (BOD 5 ) 397.5 mg/l, while total phenolic compounds and color are 853.7 mg/l and 0.204 1× 1 cm, respectively. Additionally, Cu +2 (0.51 mg/l) and Fe +2 (0.64 mg/l) were detected. With respect to different treatments, our results indicate that activated carbon, anionic and cationic exchange treatments were able to reduce more that 45% of E1 Kraft effluent's acute toxicity and that the ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid treatment was able to reduce the E1 Kraft effluent's acute toxicity to around 75% and the Cu +2 concentration to 0.019 mg/l. Moreover, specific analysis of heavy metals and organic compounds by GC-MS show that the main compound responsible for the toxicity was Cu +2 , whose tolerance level on D. magna of the 0.12 mg/l.

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Use of Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid in Pulp Mills and Effects on Metal Mobility and Primary Production

Cited by 10 publications

References 23 publications

Biological and chemical characterization of harbour sediments from the Stockholm area

Biological and chemical characterization of harbour sediments from the Stockholm area

Cyclic voltammetric and aqueous equilibria model study of the pH dependant iron(II/III)ethylenediamminetetraacetate complex reduction potential

Characterization of E1 Kraft Mill Effluent by Toxicity Identification Evaluation Methodology

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