Use of Fourier‐Transform Infrared Spectroscopy for the Diagnosis of Failure of Transfer of Passive Immunity and Measurement of Immunoglobulin Concentrations in Horses

Riley, Christopher B.; McClure, J. T.; Low-Ying, Sarah; Shaw, R. Anthony

doi:10.1111/j.1939-1676.2007.tb03028.x

Cited by 37 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Correlation between the RID-based IgG analyses and ATR-IR based assays was better than that previously reported for transmission-IR based IgG assays for alpaca [26] and equine [25] sera, but worse than that achieved for transmission and ATR-IR based bovine IgG assays [24]. Limitations in the predictive ability of both laboratory grade and portable ATR-IR assays in this study may be attributed to the source of the samples.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 77%

“…In comparison, ATR-IR spectroscopy by its nature does not have issues associated with optical path length or sample thickness. Previous reports have illustrated the use of transmission-IR spectroscopy in combination with PLSR to quantify IgG concentrations in bovine [23, 24], equine [25] and camelid species [26]. However, it is less amenable for field use on the farm, veterinary clinics or small laboratories.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Application of laboratory and portable attenuated total reflectance infrared spectroscopic approaches for rapid quantification of alpaca serum immunoglobulin G

et al. 2017

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The objective of this study was to develop and compare the performance of laboratory grade and portable attenuated total reflectance infrared (ATR-IR) spectroscopic approaches in combination with partial least squares regression (PLSR) for the rapid quantification of alpaca serum IgG concentration, and the identification of low IgG (<1000 mg/dL), which is consistent with the diagnosis of failure of transfer of passive immunity (FTPI) in neonates. Serum samples (n = 175) collected from privately owned, healthy alpacas were tested by the reference method of radial immunodiffusion (RID) assay, and laboratory grade and portable ATR-IR spectrometers. Various pre-processing strategies were applied to the ATR-IR spectra that were linked to corresponding RID-IgG concentrations, and then randomly split into two sets: calibration (training) and test sets. PLSR was applied to the calibration set and calibration models were developed, and the test set was used to assess the accuracy of the analytical method. For the test set, the Pearson correlation coefficients between the IgG measured by RID and predicted by both laboratory grade and portable ATR-IR spectrometers was 0.91. The average differences between reference serum IgG concentrations and the two IR-based methods were 120.5 mg/dL and 71 mg/dL for the laboratory and portable ATR-IR-based assays, respectively. Adopting an IgG concentration <1000 mg/dL as the cut-point for FTPI cases, the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for identifying serum samples below this cut point by laboratory ATR-IR assay were 86, 100 and 98%, respectively (within the entire data set). Corresponding values for the portable ATR-IR assay were 95, 99 and 99%, respectively. These results suggest that the two different ATR-IR assays performed similarly for rapid qualitative evaluation of alpaca serum IgG and for diagnosis of IgG <1000 mg/dL, the portable ATR-IR spectrometer performed slightly better, and provides more flexibility for potential application in the field.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 77%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of laboratory and portable attenuated total reflectance infrared spectroscopic approaches for rapid quantification of alpaca serum immunoglobulin G

et al. 2017

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“…Aliquot samples were diluted (1:3) with deionized sterile water and vortexed for 10 seconds. Each diluted aliquot was analyzed by evenly spreading 5 μL of it onto a 5 mm diameter well within an adhesive‐masked, 96‐well silicon microplate . All samples were tested in a replicate of 6.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Heat‐treatment on Accuracy of Infrared Spectroscopy and Digital and Optical Brix Refractometers for Measuring Immunoglobulin G Concentration in Bovine Colostrum

Elsohaby

McClure

Dow

et al. 2017

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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BackgroundHeat‐treatment of colostrum is a method developed to reduce calf exposure to pathogens. Infrared (IR) spectroscopy and Brix refractometers can be used for measuring colostral IgG concentration and assessing colostrum quality.ObjectivesTo determine the impact of heat‐treatment on accuracy of IR spectroscopy and Brix refractometers for measuring colostral IgG concentration and assessing colostrum quality before and after heat‐treatment.AnimalsA total of 60 Holstein dairy cows on 8 commercial dairy farms.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was designed to determine the effect of heat‐treatment at 60°C and 63°C each for 30 and 60 minutes duration on colostral IgG concentration measured by the reference radial immunodiffusion (RID) assay, IR spectroscopy, and digital and optical refractometers.ResultsColostrum IgG concentration significantly decreased after heat‐treatment at 63°C for 30 or 60 minutes as measured by RID, but the IgG values remained unchanged when measured by IR spectroscopy and refractometers. The lowest correlation coefficient found between IR spectroscopy (r = 0.70) and RID results was in colostrum heat‐treated at 63°C for 60 minutes. For digital (r = 0.48) and optical (r = 0.50) refractometers, the lowest correlation coefficient was at 63°C for 30 minutes when compared to RID. The accuracy of the IR spectroscopy, digital and optical Brix refractometers was decreased from 91.7 to 80%, 81.7 to 45%, and 80 to 45%, respectively, when colostrum heat‐treated at 63°C for 60 minutes.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceRadial immunodiffusion, IR spectroscopy, and Brix refractometers exhibit utility for measuring IgG concentration when colostrum heat‐treated at 60°C but does not detect decrease IgG concentrations when heat‐treated at 63°C.

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“…The procedure takes 18 to 24 h to obtain results and requires advanced technical skill to perform the assay and measure zones of precipitation accurately; moreover, it is not amenable to automation (Liu et al, 2007). Additionally, RID uses reagents with a limited shelf life and is often more expensive than indirect assay methods (Riley et al, 2007;Bielmann et al, 2010). Imprecision in RID assay replicates from the same sample have been noted and are attributed preliminary validation of a calf-side test for diagnosis of failure of transfer of passive immunity in dairy calves I. elsohaby * † 1 and G. p. Keefe * 4755 to inconsistencies in the assay standards (Ameri and Wilkerson, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preliminary validation of a calf-side test for diagnosis of failure of transfer of passive immunity in dairy calves

Elsohaby

Keefe

2015

Journal of Dairy Science

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The objective of this study was to evaluate the utility of an initial version of a calf-side test (ZAPvet Bovine IgG test, ZBx Corp., Toronto, ON, Canada) for diagnosis of failure of transfer of passive immunity (FTPI) in dairy calves. Blood samples (n=202) were collected from calves from 1 to 11d of age. Serum IgG concentration was determined by radial immunodiffusion (RID) assay. The mean IgG concentration was 1,764±1,035mg/dL, with a range from 133 to 5,995mg/dL. The ZAPvet Bovine IgG test was used to assess FTPI (serum IgG <1,000mg/dL) and test characteristics were calculated. The number of samples that had FTPI from the RID assay and ZAPvet test was 55 and 96 samples, resulting in a true prevalence of 27% and an apparent prevalence of 47.5%, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of the ZAPvet test were 0.82, 0.65, 0.47, and 0.91, respectively. The results of the ZAPvet test were derived from 2 observers, and the overall level of agreement between the results of the 2 observers was 84%, with a kappa value of 0.67. The ZAPvet Bovine IgG test showed good potential for further development as a cost-effective, rapid calf-side test for monitoring FTPI in dairy calves.

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Use of Fourier‐Transform Infrared Spectroscopy for the Diagnosis of Failure of Transfer of Passive Immunity and Measurement of Immunoglobulin Concentrations in Horses

Abstract: The overall performance of the IR-based test was similar to that of the colorimetric assay and was superior and more economic than other available tests.

Cited by 37 publications

References 29 publications

Application of laboratory and portable attenuated total reflectance infrared spectroscopic approaches for rapid quantification of alpaca serum immunoglobulin G

Application of laboratory and portable attenuated total reflectance infrared spectroscopic approaches for rapid quantification of alpaca serum immunoglobulin G

Effect of Heat‐treatment on Accuracy of Infrared Spectroscopy and Digital and Optical Brix Refractometers for Measuring Immunoglobulin G Concentration in Bovine Colostrum

Preliminary validation of a calf-side test for diagnosis of failure of transfer of passive immunity in dairy calves

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