Use of Fourier‐Transform Infrared Spectroscopy to Quantify Immunoglobulin G Concentrations in Alpaca Serum

Burns, J.; Hou, Siyuan; Riley, Christopher B.; Shaw, R. Anthony; Jewett, N.; McClure, J. Trenton

doi:10.1111/jvim.12258

Cited by 14 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Correlation between the RID-based IgG analyses and ATR-IR based assays was better than that previously reported for transmission-IR based IgG assays for alpaca [26] and equine [25] sera, but worse than that achieved for transmission and ATR-IR based bovine IgG assays [24]. Limitations in the predictive ability of both laboratory grade and portable ATR-IR assays in this study may be attributed to the source of the samples.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 77%

“…Whether smoothed or derivatized spectra were used, vector normalization proved more beneficial for prediction of IgG concentration in alpaca serum than standard normal variate (SNV). Interestingly, the opposite behaviour was observed previously for analogous transmission IR-based IgG assays [26]. The optimum PLS model for the portable ATR-IR based assay required fewer PLS-factors than did that of the laboratory ATR-IR based assay (Fig 3).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

“…Only the combined spectral regions 3700–2600 cm -1 and 1800–1300 cm -1 were selected for further analysis [26]. Subsequently, spectrum outlier detection was performed using Dixons Q-test [31, 32] at each wavenumber.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Application of laboratory and portable attenuated total reflectance infrared spectroscopic approaches for rapid quantification of alpaca serum immunoglobulin G

et al. 2017

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The objective of this study was to develop and compare the performance of laboratory grade and portable attenuated total reflectance infrared (ATR-IR) spectroscopic approaches in combination with partial least squares regression (PLSR) for the rapid quantification of alpaca serum IgG concentration, and the identification of low IgG (<1000 mg/dL), which is consistent with the diagnosis of failure of transfer of passive immunity (FTPI) in neonates. Serum samples (n = 175) collected from privately owned, healthy alpacas were tested by the reference method of radial immunodiffusion (RID) assay, and laboratory grade and portable ATR-IR spectrometers. Various pre-processing strategies were applied to the ATR-IR spectra that were linked to corresponding RID-IgG concentrations, and then randomly split into two sets: calibration (training) and test sets. PLSR was applied to the calibration set and calibration models were developed, and the test set was used to assess the accuracy of the analytical method. For the test set, the Pearson correlation coefficients between the IgG measured by RID and predicted by both laboratory grade and portable ATR-IR spectrometers was 0.91. The average differences between reference serum IgG concentrations and the two IR-based methods were 120.5 mg/dL and 71 mg/dL for the laboratory and portable ATR-IR-based assays, respectively. Adopting an IgG concentration <1000 mg/dL as the cut-point for FTPI cases, the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for identifying serum samples below this cut point by laboratory ATR-IR assay were 86, 100 and 98%, respectively (within the entire data set). Corresponding values for the portable ATR-IR assay were 95, 99 and 99%, respectively. These results suggest that the two different ATR-IR assays performed similarly for rapid qualitative evaluation of alpaca serum IgG and for diagnosis of IgG <1000 mg/dL, the portable ATR-IR spectrometer performed slightly better, and provides more flexibility for potential application in the field.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 77%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

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Application of laboratory and portable attenuated total reflectance infrared spectroscopic approaches for rapid quantification of alpaca serum immunoglobulin G

et al. 2017

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“…The ATR assay showed higher Pearson correlation and concordance coefficients than have been reported for previous transmission IR spectroscopy-based serum IgG assays for bovine [ 44 ], equine serum and plasma [ 10 , 45 ], and alpaca serum [ 46 ]. Agreement between the ATR and RID assays was poorer at high IgG concentrations than at low IgG concentrations (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

A rapid field test for the measurement of bovine serum immunoglobulin G using attenuated total reflectance infrared spectroscopy

et al. 2015

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BackgroundFollowing the recent development of a new approach to quantitative analysis of IgG concentrations in bovine serum using transmission infrared spectroscopy, the potential to measure IgG levels using technology and a device better designed for field use was investigated. A method using attenuated total reflectance infrared (ATR) spectroscopy in combination with partial least squares (PLS) regression was developed to measure bovine serum IgG concentrations. ATR spectroscopy has a distinct ease-of-use advantage that may open the door to routine point-of-care testing. Serum samples were collected from calves and adult cows, tested by a reference RID method, and ATR spectra acquired. The spectra were linked to the RID-IgG concentrations and then randomly split into two sets: calibration and prediction. The calibration set was used to build a calibration model, while the prediction set was used to assess the predictive performance and accuracy of the final model. The procedure was repeated for various spectral data preprocessing approaches.ResultsFor the prediction set, the Pearson’s and concordance correlation coefficients between the IgG measured by RID and predicted by ATR spectroscopy were both 0.93. The Bland Altman plot revealed no obvious systematic bias between the two methods. ATR spectroscopy showed a sensitivity for detection of failure of transfer of passive immunity (FTPI) of 88 %, specificity of 100 % and accuracy of 94 % (with IgG <1000 mg/dL as the FTPI cut-off value).ConclusionATR spectroscopy in combination with multivariate data analysis shows potential as an alternative approach for rapid quantification of IgG concentrations in bovine serum and the diagnosis of FTPI in calves.

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“…A small, compact, portable infrared spectroscope has been manufactured that is ideally suited for field use on the farm, veterinary clinic, or small laboratory (Santos et al, 2013). Infrared spectroscopy, in combination with partial least squares (PLS) regression, has been widely used for quantifying human serum total protein and glucose (Ward et al, 1989;Shaw et al, 1998), bovine milk protein, lipid, and lactose analysis (Rutten et al, 2011a,b), as well as serum IgG in bovines (Elsohaby et al, 2014(Elsohaby et al, , 2016a, equines (Riley et al, 2007), and camelids (Burns et al, 2014). To our knowledge, no study has validated the use of IR spectroscopy for quantifying colostral IgG and assessing colostrum quality in dairy cows.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid assessment of bovine colostrum quality: How reliable are transmission infrared spectroscopy and digital and optical refractometers?

Elsohaby

McClure

Cameron

et al. 2017

Journal of Dairy Science

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The objectives of this study were to evaluate the performance of the transmission infrared (IR) spectroscopic method and digital and optical Brix refractometers for measurement of colostral IgG concentration and assessment of colostrum quality of dairy cows. Colostrum samples (n = 258) were collected from Holstein cows on 30 commercial dairy farms in Nova Scotia and Newfoundland, Canada. Colostral IgG concentrations of 255 samples were measured by the reference radial immunodiffusion (RID) assay and IR spectroscopy. The Brix scores were determined on 240 of these samples using both the digital and optical Brix refractometers. Approximately half (48%) of the colostrum samples had RID IgG concentrations <50 g/L, which was the cut-point for poor quality. The correlation between RID and IR IgG concentrations was 0.88. The correlations between RID IgG concentration and Brix scores, as determined by the digital and optical refractometers, were 0.72 and 0.71, respectively. The optimal cutoff levels for distinguishing good- and poor-quality colostrum using IR spectroscopy, and digital and optical Brix refractometers were at 35 g/L and 23% Brix, respectively. The IR spectroscopy showed higher sensitivity (90%) and specificity (86%) than the digital (74 and 80%, respectively) and optical (73 and 80%, respectively) Brix refractometers for assessment of colostrum quality, as compared with RID. In conclusion, the transmission-IR spectroscopy is a rapid and accurate method for assessing colostrum quality, but is a laboratory-based method, whereas Brix refractometers were less accurate but could be used on-farm.

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Use of Fourier‐Transform Infrared Spectroscopy to Quantify Immunoglobulin G Concentrations in Alpaca Serum

Cited by 14 publications

References 30 publications

Application of laboratory and portable attenuated total reflectance infrared spectroscopic approaches for rapid quantification of alpaca serum immunoglobulin G

Application of laboratory and portable attenuated total reflectance infrared spectroscopic approaches for rapid quantification of alpaca serum immunoglobulin G

A rapid field test for the measurement of bovine serum immunoglobulin G using attenuated total reflectance infrared spectroscopy

Rapid assessment of bovine colostrum quality: How reliable are transmission infrared spectroscopy and digital and optical refractometers?

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