Use of Geobotanical Maps and Automated Mapping Techniques to Examine Cumulative Impacts in the Prudhoe Bay Oilfield, Alaska

Walker, Donald A.; Webber, P. J.; Walker, Marilyn D.; Lederer, N.D.; Meehan, Rosa; Nordstrand, Earl

doi:10.1017/s0376892900036754

Cited by 29 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…however, researchea must ensure that base maps used within the GIS are an appropnate source of landscape information ( Walker et al 1986). Previously, 30-meter resolution Landsat Thematic mapper-denved habitat data was deemed an appropriate scale for anaiysis with GPS collar location data .…”

Section: 6 Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Responses of Mountain Caribou to Linear Features in a West-Central Alberta Landscape

Oberg¹,

Rohner²,

Schmiegelow³

2002

Environmental Concerns in Rights-of-Way Management: 7th International Symposium

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The author has granted a nonexclasive licence allowing the National Library of Canada to reproduce, loan, distriiute or sell copies of this thesis in microform, paper or electronic formats. other hear feature data were obtained using road activity sweys, and aerial photographs to determine relative pst-disturbance age of the h e m features.Caribou locations were disûibuted non-randomly arormd streams and roads, with preference increasing as the distance h m these h e m features increased. Caribou avoided streams to a maximum distance of 250 m, and roads to a maximum distance of 500 m. rosuffcient caribou locations occurred arouad active mads for separate analysis, but caribou avoided in-active roads to a distance of 250 m, signaling thai the mechankm for avoidance may be more than a response to increased human activity. There was no significant avoidance or preference by c&bou for seismic lines. However, caribou were 26% more likely to occur around seismic h e s greater than 23 years of age than around more recent hes. The lack of avoidance response by caribou to seismic lines determineci in this study may be attributed to low statistical power, the possible success of current low impact mitigation measures, or to aspects of mountain caribou We history.This study contributes additional evidence that linear features are affecthg woodland caribou distributions and may be leading to fiuictional habitat loss.Management approaches prescribed by current industrial operating guidelines on caribou ranges are discussed and 1 present additional stnitegies for reducing disturbance effects of linear features on montain caribou habitat in west-cenûai Alberta.

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Section: 6 Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Responses of Mountain Caribou to Linear Features in a West-Central Alberta Landscape

Oberg¹,

Rohner²,

Schmiegelow³

2002

Environmental Concerns in Rights-of-Way Management: 7th International Symposium

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“…Since that time studies have been conducted on the impacts of oil field development (Walker et al, 1986;Oechel, 1989), disturbance-induced thawing of permafrost soils (Truett and Kertell, 1992) and the consequences of vehicle trails in summer (e.g. Bliss and Wein, 1972) and in winter (Felix et al, 1992;Emers et al, 1995;Emers and Jorgensen, 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The response of two arctic tundra plant communities to human trampling disturbance

Monz

2002

Journal of Environmental Management

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“…The latter has declined greatly since the early 1970s, when government regulations were enacted to restrict vehicular travel on the tundra. As of 1983, approximately 3.6% (74 of 2088 ha) of the most intensively developed portion of the Prudhoe Bay Oil Field had been influenced by thermokarst or other nongravel surface disturbances associated with development (Walker et al, 1986).…”

Section: Alteration Of the Tundra Surfacementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Impounded water reduces surface albedo, thereby causing thermokarst, which enlarges some impoundments until a new thermal equilibrium is attained (Lawson, 1986). Walker et al (1986) estimated that impoundments in 1983 covered about 19.7% (411 of 2088 ha) of the landscape in an intensively developed portion of the Prudhoe Bay Oil Field. Noel et al (1996) calculated that about 0.9% (800 of 92 876 ha) of the entire Prudhoe Bay Oil Field was covered by impounded floodwater in mid-July 1993; of this area, 75% was flooded for only a portion of the summer.…”

Section: Creation Of Impoundmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Noel et al (1996) calculated that about 0.9% (800 of 92 876 ha) of the entire Prudhoe Bay Oil Field was covered by impounded floodwater in mid-July 1993; of this area, 75% was flooded for only a portion of the summer. Because the Prudhoe Bay Oil Field is located in an exceptionally flat and poorly drained part of the coastal plain (Walker et al, 1986), impoundments cover proportionately more of its land area than they cover in the other oil fields.…”

Section: Creation Of Impoundmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Arctic Alaska Oil Development on Brant and Snow Geese

Truett¹,

Miller²,

Kertell³

1997

ARCTIC

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ABSTRACT. Black brant (Branta bernicla nigricans) and lesser snow geese (Chen c. caerulescens) breeding in and near arctic Alaska oil fields could be affected by oil development actions such as releases of contaminants, alteration of tundra surfaces, creation of impoundments, and human activities. These actions could affect geese directly (e.g., through oil spills) or indirectly (e.g., by altering food supplies or predator populations). Studies to date indicate no changes in the distribution, abundance, or reproduction of these geese that clearly can be attributed to development; rather, their numbers and recruitment have responded in the oil fields, as elsewhere, mainly to weather and predation. When snowmelt in spring is later than usual, the birds postpone or forego nesting, with consequent diminishment in recruitment. Predation by arctic foxes (Alopex lagopus), glaucous gulls (Larus hyperboreus), and grizzly bears (Ursus arctos) sometimes causes substantial losses of eggs and young, and predation by ravens (Corvus corax) has also been observed. Development-related changes in weather (microclimate) and loss of feeding habitat have involved small percentages of the total areas traditionally used, and populations of the birds probably have not been affected by these changes. Some studies and observations suggest that development has elevated local populations of some predators, but whether the level of predation on geese has in consequence risen above that which would have occurred in the absence of development is unknown; further investigation of this mechanism of potential impact is recommended.Key words: Brant, Branta bernicla, snow goose, Chen caerulescens, oil development, Alaska, impact assessment, predation, nutrition RÉSUMÉ. La bernache noire (Branta bernicla nigricans) et la petite oie des neiges (Chen c. caerulescens) nichant dans les champs pétrolifères de l'Alaska ou à proximité pourraient être affectées par des actes reliés à l'exploitation pétrolière, tels que le déversement d'agents de pollution, les modifications à la toundra de surface, la création de bassins, et par l'activité humaine. Ces interventions pourraient affecter les oies de façon directe (p. ex., par le biais de déversements de pétrole) ou indirecte (p. ex., en modifiant l'approvisionnement alimentaire ou les populations de prédateurs). Jusqu'à l'heure actuelle, les études ne montrent pas de changements dans la distribution, l'abondance ou la reproduction de ces oies, dont la cause puisse être clairement attribuée à l'exploitation; dans les champs pétrolifères, le nombre d'oies et leur augmentation ont surtout réagi, comme ailleurs, au climat et à la prédation. Quand la fonte des neiges printanière a lieu plus tard que d'habitude, les oiseaux retardent la ponte ou s'abstiennent de pondre, ce qui entraîne moins d'augmentation. La prédation par le renard arctique (Alopex lagopus), le goéland bourgmestre (Larus hyperboreus) et le grizzli (Ursus arctos) entraîne parfois d'importantes pertes d'oeufs et d'oisons, et on a également observé...

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Use of Geobotanical Maps and Automated Mapping Techniques to Examine Cumulative Impacts in the Prudhoe Bay Oilfield, Alaska

Cited by 29 publications

References 1 publication

Responses of Mountain Caribou to Linear Features in a West-Central Alberta Landscape

Responses of Mountain Caribou to Linear Features in a West-Central Alberta Landscape

The response of two arctic tundra plant communities to human trampling disturbance

Effects of Arctic Alaska Oil Development on Brant and Snow Geese

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