Use of hazardous electric arc furnace dust in the construction industry: A cleaner production approach

Nair, Abhilash T.; Mathew, Aneesh; Archana, A R; Akbar, M. Abdul

doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.134282

Cited by 22 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 96 publications

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“…Iron (Fe) concentrations are found to consistently exceed those of other elements in all dust samples. Comparisons with previous studies suggest that the zinc content in the current study is less than those reported in prior investigations, potentially attributable to the primary substance and furnace charging compounds [17][18][19][20][21]. High concentrations of chloride present in EAFD are noted to hinder the value of recycled zinc oxide due to the adverse effect of chlorine on zinc production, as well as its potential to release persistent environmental pollutants such as dioxin (C 4 H 2 O 2 ) [22].…”

Section: Heavy Metal Concentration In Eafd Samplescontrasting

confidence: 61%

Evaluating the Concentration and Leachability of Heavy Metals in Electric Arc Furnace Dust: Implications for Environmental Management

Saadati¹

2023

JEMSE

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With the expansion of steel production via electric arc furnaces, an increase in dust generation—a by-product of these operations—poses substantial challenges. These difficulties stem from land use restrictions for large-scale dust waste storage and the environmental implications of heavy metal contamination inherent in the dust. In an effort to promote the repurposing of this potentially hazardous solid waste, this study examines the concentration and leachability of various heavy metals in this dust. Digestion of the dust samples was carried out in a controlled laboratory setting, after which the concentrations of iron (Fe), magnesium (Mg), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and cobalt (Co) were determined using flame atomic absorption spectrometry. The mean concentrations of these heavy metals in the dust were found to be in the following descending order (in mg/kg): Fe> Mg> Zn> Mn> Ni> Pb> Cu> Cd> Co. Water leaching tests were subsequently conducted, revealing that Co and Cd exhibited the greatest leachability at varying pH levels. Conversely, Fe and Ni displayed minimal leachability. These findings have significant implications for the reuse and environmental management of electric arc furnace dust.

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Section: Heavy Metal Concentration In Eafd Samplescontrasting

confidence: 61%

Evaluating the Concentration and Leachability of Heavy Metals in Electric Arc Furnace Dust: Implications for Environmental Management

Saadati¹

2023

JEMSE

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“…The main sources of secondary raw materials for steel production are waste construction materials, old cars, appliances, and household waste, which means that the waste can contain a large number of metals, plastics and rubber, glass, paint, oil, and even salts [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. Besides that, fluxes (additives) of limestone or lime, reductants, such as brown coal or coke, and oxygen and/or natural gas are injected into electric arc furnaces in addition to scrap iron [2][3][4][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An electric arc furnace reaches a temperature of 1600 • C, during which the elements from the iron melt evaporate and the main intermediate product of the process is generatedelectric arc furnace dust (EAF dust) [2,3,7,8,[15][16][17][18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Generally, during the production of one ton of crude steel, about 10-20 kg of EAF dust is generated [27]. To a large extent, the composition of EAF dust depends on the electric arc furnace operating conditions, the characteristics of the scrap iron charged to the furnace, the operating period, and the specification of the produced steel, and it is also specific to each plant [1,12,17,18,[23][24][25][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Application of a Simple Pretreatment in the Process of Acid Leaching of Electric Arc Furnace Dust

Trifunović,

Milić,

Avramović

et al. 2024

Metals

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Experimental investigations of the effectiveness of the pretreatment of the acid leaching process of a representative sample of electric arc furnace dust (EAF dust) and characterization of a representative sample were performed. As EAF dust is globally defined as hazardous solid industrial waste, and it contains a high percentage of zinc and other useful components, in this paper, the application of pretreatment will be carried out in order to increase the efficiency of the further process of acid leaching, all with the aim of using EAF dust as a secondary raw material for metal valorization. The pretreatment involved the application of a simple process of leaching the EAF dust sample with distilled water. Under the following defined optimal leaching conditions: time—30 min, ratio of solid to liquid phase—1:10, temperature—ambient, and stirring speed—500 rpm, a reduction in the content of water-soluble components was achieved, namely, 83% Cl, 92% K, 74% Na, 14% Cd, 15% Ca, and 19% F. The application of the pretreatment enables significantly better filtration of the suspension and increases the leaching efficiency of zinc and other useful components in the further process of leaching EAF dust with a sulfuric acid solution, compared with the process of direct acid leaching of EAF dust.

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“…Compared with natural aggregates, concrete containing EAF slag aggregate has been found to have higher strength levels [24] due to the relatively porous nature of the slag particles, which allows cement to penetrate the aggregate, leading to an interlocking effect that contributes to strength [25]. As the demand for sustainable materials increases, research has been conducted worldwide on the use of EAF slag as a supplementary cementitious material [26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of EAF Slag on the Performance of Wollastonite Mixes Inspired by CO2 Curing Technology

Muthu,

Kumar,

Chajec

et al. 2024

Applied Sciences

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Replacement of cement with electric arc furnace (EAF) slag at higher volumes causes volumetric expansion; therefore, such blends are not recommended in concrete production. In this study, the effect of this slag on the performance and microstructure of mortar samples based on wollastonite (CaSiO3) was examined. The samples were cured in a CO2-rich environment, resulting in the formation of non-expansive products, including aragonite, calcite, and traces of tobermorite in the microstructure. The addition of slag above 20% affected the workability and strength developments. However, the formation of pores above 100 nm reduced with increasing slag content to 60%, highlighting the beneficial effect of slag when used in higher volumes. EAF slag contains a higher amount of Fe2O3 which limits its disposal at landfills, but its increased use in the production of CO2 gas-cured wollastonite concrete can reduce the environmental burdens caused by the Portland cement and steel manufacturing industries.

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Use of hazardous electric arc furnace dust in the construction industry: A cleaner production approach

Cited by 22 publications

References 96 publications

Evaluating the Concentration and Leachability of Heavy Metals in Electric Arc Furnace Dust: Implications for Environmental Management

Evaluating the Concentration and Leachability of Heavy Metals in Electric Arc Furnace Dust: Implications for Environmental Management

Application of a Simple Pretreatment in the Process of Acid Leaching of Electric Arc Furnace Dust

Effect of EAF Slag on the Performance of Wollastonite Mixes Inspired by CO2 Curing Technology

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