Use of Hydrothermal Carbonization to Improve the Performance of Biowaste‐Derived Hard Carbons in Sodium Ion‐Batteries

Nieto, Nekane; Porté, Julien; Saurel, Damien; Djuandhi, Lisa; Sharma, Neeraj; López-Urionabarrenechea, Alexander; Palomares, Verónica; Rojo, Teófilo

doi:10.1002/cssc.202301053

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…9 O 8 ), MgO, K 2 SO 4 and Ca 5 (PO 4 ) 3 (OH,Cl,F) ( Figure S1 ). A similar phase composition has been reported by Nieto et al [ 21 ] in raw spent coffee grounds as follows: K 2 SO 4 , MgO, Ca 5 (PO 4 ) 3 (OH,Cl,F), and CaCO 3 .…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 86%

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The Beneficial Impact of Mineral Content in Spent-Coffee-Ground-Derived Hard Carbon on Sodium-Ion Storage

Harizanova,

Uzunov,

Aleksandrov

et al. 2024

Materials

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The key technological implementation of sodium-ion batteries is converting biomass-derived hard carbons into effective anode materials. This becomes feasible if appropriate knowledge of the relations between the structure of carbonized biomass products, the mineral ash content in them, and Na storage properties is gained. In this study, we examine the simultaneous impact of the ash phase composition and carbon structure on the Na storage properties of hard carbons derived from spent coffee grounds (SCGs). The carbon structure is modified using the pre-carbonization of SCGs at 750 °C, followed by annealing at 1100 °C in an Ar atmosphere. Two variants of the pre-carbonization procedure are adopted: the pre-carbonization of SCGs in a fixed bed and CO2 flow. For the sake of comparison, the pre-carbonized products are chemically treated to remove the ash content. The Na storage performance of SCG-derived carbons is examined in model two and three Na-ion cells. It was found that ash-containing carbons outperformed the ash-free analogs with respect to cycling stability, Coulombic efficiency, and rate capability. The enhanced performance is explained in terms of the modification of the carbon surface by ash phases (mainly albite) and its interaction with the electrolyte, which is monitored by ex situ XPS.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 86%

“…As an activation agent, KOH is utilized with the aim of enlarging the pore size of coffee-derived carbons [ 19 , 20 ]. Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) is another step used to enhance the electrochemical performance of carbons [ 21 ]. The final temperature of carbonization also affects the Na-storage properties [ 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Beneficial Impact of Mineral Content in Spent-Coffee-Ground-Derived Hard Carbon on Sodium-Ion Storage

Harizanova,

Uzunov,

Aleksandrov

et al. 2024

Materials

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show abstract

“…Lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries, and supercapacitors are examples of energy storage technologies. Among these, sodium-ion batteries have garnered significant interest due to the abundance of sodium in the earth’s reserves. − And as an essential component of sodium-ion batteries, research is being conducted on the use of hard carbon as an anode material. − Renewable materials are considered the primary choice for preparing high-performance hard carbon, with cellulose, biowaste, and bamboo all being used to prepare hard carbons, and gained a high initial Coulombic efficiency (ICE) and reversible capacity. However, biomass materials vary tremendously in precursor status due to origin and seasonality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1−9 And as an essential component of sodium-ion batteries, research is being conducted on the use of hard carbon as an anode material. 10−12 Renewable materials are considered the primary choice for preparing high-performance hard carbon, with cellulose, 13 biowaste, 14 and bamboo 15 all being used to prepare hard carbons, and gained a high initial Coulombic efficiency (ICE) and reversible capacity. However, biomass materials vary tremendously in precursor status due to origin and seasonality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of Enriched Closed-Pores Hard Carbon for High-Performance Sodium-Ion Batteries by the Poly(vinyl butyral) Template Method

Cheng,

Xie,

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Energy Mater.

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Closed pores play an essential role in improving the performance of sodium-ion batteries. Various strategies have been proposed to increase the closed-pore ratio, but most of them face challenges related to cost and waste disposal. Here, we chose furfural as the resin precursor to synthesize the raw material and prepare enriched closed-pore hard carbon using poly(vinyl butyral) (PVB) as the in situ pore-forming agent. At 450 °C, the decomposition of PVB within furfural resins leads to the formation of numerous micropores, which sets the stage for the creation of hard carbon with closed pores. The optimal hard carbon sample exhibits a low specific surface area (N2) of 10.54 m2 g–1 and a high volume of closed pores (0.090 cm3 g–1). The optimal pore structure of the hard carbon resulted in a high reversible sodium storage capacity of 367 mAh g–1 and an initial Coulombic efficiency (ICE) of 88.5% at 30 mA g–1. Furthermore, the use of PVB as a pore-forming agent is minimal and the decomposition products are environmentally friendly. This is a practical guide for producing high-performance hard carbon.

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Cellulose Acetates in Hydrothermal Carbonization: A Green Pathway to Valorize Residual Bioplastics

Ischia,

Marchelli,

Bazzanella

et al. 2024

ChemSusChem

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Bioplastics possess the potential to foster a sustainable circular plastic economy, but their end‐of‐life is still challenging. To sustainably overcome this problem, this work proposes the hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of residual bioplastics as an alternative green path. The focus is on cellulose acetate – a bioplastic used for eyewear, cigarette filters and other applications – showing the proof of concept and the chemistry behind the conversion, including a reaction kinetics model. HTC of pure and commercial cellulose acetates was assessed under various operating conditions (180‐250 °C and 0‐6 h), with analyses on the solid and liquid products. Results show the peculiar behavior of these substrates under HTC. At 190‐210 °C, the materials almost completely dissolve into the liquid phase forming 5‑hydroxymethylfurfural and organic acids. Above 220 °C, intermediates repolymerize into carbon‐rich microspheres (secondary char), achieving solid yields up to 23 %, while itaconic and citric acid form. A comparison with pure substrates and additives demonstrates that the amounts of acetyl groups and derivatives of the plasticizers are crucial in catalyzing HTC reactions, creating a unique environment capable of leading to a total rearrangement of cellulose acetates. HTC can thus represent a cornerstone in establishing a biorefinery for residual cellulose acetate.

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Use of Hydrothermal Carbonization to Improve the Performance of Biowaste‐Derived Hard Carbons in Sodium Ion‐Batteries

Cited by 8 publications

References 79 publications

The Beneficial Impact of Mineral Content in Spent-Coffee-Ground-Derived Hard Carbon on Sodium-Ion Storage

The Beneficial Impact of Mineral Content in Spent-Coffee-Ground-Derived Hard Carbon on Sodium-Ion Storage

Preparation of Enriched Closed-Pores Hard Carbon for High-Performance Sodium-Ion Batteries by the Poly(vinyl butyral) Template Method

Cellulose Acetates in Hydrothermal Carbonization: A Green Pathway to Valorize Residual Bioplastics

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