Use of immunodiagnostic tests on an outbreak of scrapie in Latxa sheep: Pathogenetic and epidemiologic implications

Gómez, Nieves; Benedicto, Leyre; Geijó, Mariví; Garrido, Joseba M.; Garcia-Crespo, David; Korkostegi, J.L.; Hurtado, Ana; Juste, Ramón A.

doi:10.1016/j.smallrumres.2006.10.007

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…In this case, it could have happened that there was little amount of abnormal PrP Sc so that after PK digestion the amount of resistant PrP Sc was reduced considerably below the detection threshold of WB, as observed in the cerebellum of case M15. Third, the age of this sheep was higher than the mean age of CS cases described in Latxa breed [59] and in other breeds [60,61]. Finally, this was the only detected case in its herd, which was in agreement with the epidemiology of the AS/Nor98 [1,19,20].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Atypical/Nor98 scrapie in the Basque Country: a case report of eight outbreaks

et al. 2010

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BackgroundSince 2002, an active surveillance program for transmissible spongiform encephalopathy in small ruminants in European Union countries allowed identification of a considerable number of atypical cases with similarities to the previously identified atypical scrapie cases termed Nor98.Case presentationHere we report molecular and neuropathological features of eight atypical/Nor98 scrapie cases detected between 2002 and 2009. Significant features of the affected sheep included: their relatively high ages (mean age 7.9 years, range between 4.3 and 12.8), their breed (all Latxa) and their PRNP genotypes (AFRQ/ALRQ, ALRR/ALRQ, AFRQ/AFRQ, AFRQ/AHQ, ALRQ/ALRH, ALRQ/ALRQ). All the sheep were confirmed as atypical scrapie by immunohistochemistry and immunoblotting. Two cases presented more PrP immunolabelling in cerebral cortex than in cerebellum.ConclusionsThis work indicates that atypical scrapie constitutes the most common small ruminant transmissible spongiform encephalopathy form in Latxa sheep in the Spanish Basque Country. Moreover, a new genotype (ALRQ/ALRH) was found associated to atypical scrapie.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Atypical/Nor98 scrapie in the Basque Country: a case report of eight outbreaks

et al. 2010

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“…For the analyses of lymphoid tissues, the positive sample of palatine tonsil subjected to immunohistochemistry with monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies showed evident labeling in the germinal center of the lymphoid follicles, as described by Leal et al (2012), with a higher intensity in the light than in the dark zone, as reported by Gomez et al (2007). With the F99 antibody, the signals were more intense in several areas of the follicles and this anti-body was the one providing the best overall results.…”

Section: Immunohistochemistrysupporting

confidence: 56%

“…It would appear therefore that R486 and M52 can produce some non-specific labelling and could give rise to some false positive diagnosis. The M52 polyclonal antibody was previously tested only for use in WB to identify the PrP C in murine brain (COSTA et al, 2009) but the R486 anti-body was successfully used by González et al (2002), González, Martin and Jeffrey (2003) and Lezmi et al (2004) For the analyses of lymphoid tissues, the positive sample of palatine tonsil subjected to immunohistochemistry with monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies showed evident labeling in the germinal center of the lymphoid follicles, as described by Leal et al (2012), with a higher intensity in the light than in the dark zone, as reported by Gomez et al (2007). With the F99 antibody, the signals were more intense in several areas of the follicles and this anti-body was the one providing the best overall results.…”

Section: Immunohistochemistrymentioning

confidence: 82%

Monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies for ante- and post-mortem detection of PrPSc in sheep

Raksa¹,

Costa

González

et al. 2015

Sem. Ci. Agr.

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Scrapie is a disease that affects sheep and goats and is characterized by the accumulation of an abnormal isoform (PrP Sc ) of the cellular prion protein, PrP C , in the central nervous system (CNS) and in lymphoid tissues. Detection of PrP Sc in these tissues can be attempted by a variety of techniques, including immunohistochemistry (IHC) and western blotting (WB), for which a wide range of monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies are commercially available. The objective of this study was to test and compare the efficacy of monoclonal antibodiesF89/160.1.5, F99/97.6.1, and P4 and polyclonal antibodies M52 and R486 in the detection of PrP Sc in lymphoid and CNS tissue samples by using IHC. Positive and negative control samples of sheep brain and tonsils were provided by the Animal Health and Veterinary Laboratories Agency (AHVLA, UK). The IHC examination of CNS samples with both monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies confirmed the granular deposition of PrP Sc in the neurons of the positive control tissues. However, while the monoclonal antibodies did not produce positive reactions in the negative controls, the polyclonal antibodies showed some non-specific staining. The testing of positive control tonsil samples with polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies identified positive control-specific reactions, whereas the negative control tissues were IHC-negative with all antibodies, although P4 and the polyclonal antibodies produced some background staining. In summary, although the polyclonal antibodies may be more accessible, in this study their use is not advisable because of possible false positive reactions. The polyclonal antibody M52 was able to identify PrP C in brain and spleen samples by WB but other lymphoid tissues were negative. ResumoScrapie é uma doença que afeta ovinos e caprinos, sendo definida pelo acúmulo de uma isoforma anormal (PrP Sc ) da proteína priônica celular (PrP C ) no Sistema Nervoso Central (SNC) e em tecidos linfoides. Para as técnicas de eleição do diagnóstico de scrapie, imunohistoquímica (IHQ) e western blotting (WB), podem ser utilizados uma vasta gama de anticorpos monoclonais e policlonais comercialmente disponíveis. O objetivo deste estudo foi testar e comparar a eficácia dos anticorpos monoclonais disponíveis comercialmente, F89/160.1.5, F99/97.6.1 e P4, e os anticorpos policlonais R486 e M52, para a identificação da presença da PrP Sc em amostras de tecido linfoide e SNC através da técnica de IHQ. Foram utilizadas nas avaliações de IHQ amostras positivas e negativas de cérebro e tonsila palatina de ovinos, cedidas pelo Animal Health Veterinary Laboratory Agency (AHVLA), Reino Unido. Para WB, foram utilizadas amostras de encéfalo, baço, linfonodo, terceira pálpebra e mucosa retal de ovino. As análises IHQ utilizando anticorpos monoclonais e policlonais em amostras positivas de cérebro confirmaram a deposição da PrP Sc em neurônios, caracterizada por marcações de aspecto granular intraneural. Na amostra negativa de cérebro, os anticorpos monoclonais não identificaram marcaçõe...

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“…As in sheep naturally infected with scrapie (Gomez et al, 2007;Reckzeh et al, 2007), the substantial proportion of LRS-positive/CNS-negative-infected adult goats that we observed in our study probably has some consequences for the sensitivity of the EU TSE active surveillance programme (PrP Sc detection in the obex on a random sample of animals more than 18 months old). We are currently developing a simulation model that takes into account both the characteristics of the French commercial goat population (zootechnic management, demography, etc) and the sensitivity of the PrP Sc detection in the CNS as a tool for identifying scrapie-infected animals to quantitatively estimate the impact of this phenomenon on the efficiency of the scrapie active surveillance programme.…”

Section: Prp Allelementioning

confidence: 52%

PrP-associated resistance to scrapie in five highly infected goat herds

Corbière

Perrin-Chauvineau

Lacroux

et al. 2013

Journal of General Virology

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The PrP gene polymorphisms at codons 142 (I/M), 154 (R/H), 211 (R/Q), 222 (Q/K) and 240 (S/P) and their association with susceptibility to classical scrapie infection were investigated in five French goat herds displaying a high disease prevalence (>10 %). On the basis of PrPSc detection in the central nervous system and in various lymphoid tissues, 301 of 1343 goats were found to be scrapie infected. The statistical analyses indicated that while P240 mutation had no direct impact on scrapie infection risk, the H154, Q211 and K222 mutations were associated with high resistance to scrapie. The M142 mutated allele was associated with a limited protection level against the disease. These results further reinforce the view that, like in sheep, the control and eradication of classical scrapie through the selection of certain PrP alleles could be envisaged in commercial goat population.

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Use of immunodiagnostic tests on an outbreak of scrapie in Latxa sheep: Pathogenetic and epidemiologic implications

Cited by 6 publications

References 20 publications

Atypical/Nor98 scrapie in the Basque Country: a case report of eight outbreaks

Atypical/Nor98 scrapie in the Basque Country: a case report of eight outbreaks

Monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies for ante- and post-mortem detection of PrPSc in sheep

PrP-associated resistance to scrapie in five highly infected goat herds

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