Use of in vitro performance models in the assessment of drug delivery across the human nail for nail disorders

Brown, Marc; Turner, R. S.; Wevrett, Sean Robert

doi:10.1080/17425247.2018.1518425

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…In vitro testing on nail tissue is limited by the small surface areas of these membranes, approximately 0.03–0.78 cm 2 , when mounted in conventional modified Franz diffusion cells [2,3,18,19,20]. This new approach enabled the printing of polymeric constructs that mimic a typical human nail’s specifications (i.e., number of layers, thickness and diameter) but with the advantage of a wider area for drug application of 1 cm 2 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Preliminary Investigation of Additive Manufacture to Fabricate Human Nail Plate Surrogates for Pharmaceutical Testing

Sil

Patel²,

Crowther³

et al. 2019

Pharmaceutics

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In vitro permeation studies using nail clippings or nail plates are commonly used in the development of transungual formulations. However, there are ethical, safety and cost issues associated with sourcing such tissues. Herein, we describe a preliminary approach is described for the design and manufacture of a human nail model surrogate based on 3D printing. To evaluate these 3D printed constructs, nails were mounted in conventional glass Franz cells and a commercial antifungal lacquer formulation containing ciclopirox olamine was applied daily to the surrogate printed surfaces for a period of 14 days. On days 8 and 14, the surfaces of the 3D printed nails were washed with ethanol to remove excess formulation. Confocal Raman spectroscopy (CRS) was used to profile the drug in the 3D printed nail. At the end of the Franz cell studies, no drug was observed in the receptor phase. CRS studies confirmed penetration of the active into the model nails with reproducible depth profiles. Our ongoing work is focused on synthesising commercial and non-commercial printable resins that can replicate the physical and chemical characteristics of the human nail. This will allow further evaluation of actives for ungual therapy and advance the development of the surrogate nail tissue model.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Preliminary Investigation of Additive Manufacture to Fabricate Human Nail Plate Surrogates for Pharmaceutical Testing

Sil

Patel²,

Crowther³

et al. 2019

Pharmaceutics

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“…In recent years, a considerable number of novel in vitro models have been developed to determine the delivery of topical drugs applied to the full thickness of human nails. To screen formulations for antifungal activity, obtaining preliminary data for drug selection, formulation optimization the Tur Chub ZOI (zone of inhibition) assay is a semi-quantitative high-throughput method 57 . In this assay, the Tur Chub cell which is a modified Franz-type cell accommodates a full section thickness of human nail while maintaining a suitable seal to separate the dosing chamber from the receiver chamber.…”

Section: In-vitro Models To Study Transungual Drug Permeationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After the nail has been treated, the cells are incubated at the appropriate temperature and time for the microbe, and the ZOI length may then be measured from the underside of the nail within the cell. Yet another model called Chub Tur EVPT (ex-vivo permeation and penetration) model, utilizes a Chub Tur cell which is a static Franz-type cell 57 . A section of full-thickness human nail is mounted in a Chub Tur cell and receiver fluid is sampled from the cell and analyzed to quantitate the amount of drug that has permeated across the nail.…”

Section: In-vitro Models To Study Transungual Drug Permeationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Understanding the drug delivery through nails: a comprehensive review

Bhattacharjee

Dey

Barman

et al. 2021

J. Drug Delivery Ther.

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The nail unit is the largest cutaneous musculo-skeletal appendage. The management of nail disorders is an onerous task owing to the disease manifestations and anatomical structure of the nail plate. The topical treatment of nail infections/disorders has been a centerpiece of nail research in the past few decades as it offers a much safer and focused alternative to conventional oral therapy. However, transungual delivery had its challenges. This necessitated a lookout for novel approaches that enhanced treatment efficacy and reduced treatment time. Moreover, curing the nail condition using topical delivery has been challenging due to the lack of a validated animal model to determine the efficacy of the formulation and to establish a mathematical model that can help in predicting the desirable attributes of the formulation and permeation of various molecules through the nail plate. This review is based on publications retrieved by a selective search in PubMed. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of nail anatomy and its disorders, factors affecting nail delivery, diagnostic procedures, current approaches, and promising approaches to treat nail infections/disorders including nail lacquers and the role of permeation enhancers, in-vitro models. This review also covers current available treatments and treatments under clinical trial. Keywords: Musculo-skeletal, Nail infection, Transungual, Mathematical model, In-vitro models.

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“…Nevertheless, the nail barrier is difficult to disrupt and antifungal drugs are usually poorly water-soluble compounds, thus a limited amount can cross the nail barrier because of its hydrophilicity. Additionally, marketed topical antifungal products have rather slow clearance rates [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Onychomycosis: Current Understanding and Strategies for Enhancing Drug Delivery into Human Nail Tissue

Aslam

Hussain

Yousaf

et al. 2021

CDRR

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Background: Onychomycosis is by far the most common finger or toe nail fungal infectious disease caused by dermatophytes, non-dermatophytic molds or yeast. It accounts for 50% of the total nail disorders, and affects patients physically, socially, and psychologically and can seriously influence their quality of life. Objectives: Oral antifungals are routinely used to treat the nail fungal disease; however oral therapy is associated with severe side effects and longer treatment times. In recent years, drug delivery directly into the nail or nail bed has gained attention and various topical products have been tested that can cure the disease when applied topically or transungually. Nevertheless, drug penetration into and through the nail is not straightforward and requires chemicals to improve its permeability or by applying physical stress to promote drug penetration into and through the nail. Topics covered: This lucid review presents an overview of various causes of onychomycosis, current therapeutic approaches, and efforts aimed at increasing the permeability of nails through various strategies such as chemical, physical and mechanical methods for permeation enhancement. Conclusion: Various strategies have been proposed for the treatment of onychomycosis, however, much research into a more precise and effective therapy is still required.

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Use of in vitro performance models in the assessment of drug delivery across the human nail for nail disorders

Cited by 5 publications

References 31 publications

A Preliminary Investigation of Additive Manufacture to Fabricate Human Nail Plate Surrogates for Pharmaceutical Testing

A Preliminary Investigation of Additive Manufacture to Fabricate Human Nail Plate Surrogates for Pharmaceutical Testing

Understanding the drug delivery through nails: a comprehensive review

Onychomycosis: Current Understanding and Strategies for Enhancing Drug Delivery into Human Nail Tissue

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