“…They shed the virus in both saliva and urine (Reynes et al 2005, Middleton et al 2007; Pteropus bats were observed to be licking the raw date palm sap collected in the outbreak areas. Indeed, in contrast to an earlier infrared camera study in Bangladesh, where only 5% of the bats that contacted date palm sap were Pteropus bats (Khan et al 2011), when we evaluated the trees those were the sources of date palm sap consumed by cases in this outbreak, 49% of the bats that visited the tress and contacted date palm sap were Pteropus bats. There is evidence of survival of NiV in mango flesh, mango juice, pawpaw juice, and lychee juice for up to 3 days, depending upon the pH of the juice (Fogarty et al 2008).…”