Use of Leaf Extract and Powder of Ipomoea asarifolia for Control of Root-Knot Nematode (Meloidogyne javanica) on Okra in Jalingo Nigeria

Abstract

As the unseen enemy, nematodes have caused untold damage to crops and farmers’ income across the world. A study was conducted in 2019 and 2020 to determine the effect of leaf extract and powder of Ipomoea asarifolia (Desr.) Roem. & Schult. On root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne javanica) (Treub, 1885) on okra in the laboratory and pot experiment. Juvenile mortality and egg hatch inhibition tests were conducted in the laboratory. Result of the juvenile mortality test showed that the crude extract (100 % extract) cause the highest mortality (95.33 %) of juveniles while the same crude extract inhibited the hatching of more M. javanica eggs (89.67 %) than the dilutions and control. For the pot experiment, results show that the 60 g powder treatment gave the least galling index (1.0), nematode population (146.96), reproduction factor (0.25) and the highest yield (1568.3 Kg/ha) in 2019. The same trend was observed in 2020. Based on these findings, I. asarifolia leaf extract and powder (60 g) have the potential to put in check the menace posed by M. javanica on okra.

Nematicidal activity of <i>Ageratum conyzoides</i> leaf extract against root-knot nematode (<i>Meloidogyne javanica</i>) on eggplant in Jalingo, Nigeria

“…Ten ml of the extracts of T. rhomboidea in 10 mL syringe was dispensed into petri dishes containing 1000 juveniles of M. javanica. There were four treatments as described under preparation of extract above arranged in the completely randomized design (CRD), with 12 petri dishes (Mamman et al, 2022).…”

“…A 10 mL syringe was used to dispense 10 mL of A. conyzoides extracts into 12 petri-dishes containing 1000 eggs of M. javanica. There were four treatments arranged in the completely randomized design (CRD) (Mamman et al, 2022).…”

“…Only three plants per plot were sampled for plant height, number of leaves, number of branches, shoot weight, root length, root weight, number of fruits, fruit weight, fruit girth, yield, galling index, nematode population and reproduction factor. All other agronomic practices were applied as required (Mamman et al, 2022). For soil analysis and initial nematode population, soil was sampled at a depth of 0 -15 cm with an auger prior to the application of treatments.…”

“…Phytotoxicity, environmental pollution and nematode resistance result from the indiscriminate use of synthetic pesticides for controlling nematodes (Yudelman et al, 1998;Pandey, 2005;Thligene et al, 2019). Compounds that occur naturally are usually inexpensive, easy to apply and do not pollute the environment and have potential to replace synthetic nematicides (Burow et al, 2007;Abolusoro et al, 2020;Favaz et al, 2021;Okechalu et al, 2021;Samara, 2022;Mamman et al, 2022).…”

NEMATOCIDAL PROPERTIES OF RED SILK COTTON (Bombax costatum Pellegr. & Vuil.) FLOWER AGAINST ROOT-KNOT NEMATODE, (Meloidogyne javanica (Treub. 1885) CHITWOOD 1949

“…Chemicals such as carbofuran and methyl bromide have been used to control RKN (Fatoki, 2001;Adegbite, 2003;Orisajo and Dongo, 2007;Orisajo et al, 2008) but their extreme level of toxicity to man, plants and environmental pollution has precluded them from such use. Attention then turned to the use of plants in the form of powders, extracts and compost to control RKN and they have been found to be effective in reducing the harmful activities of nematodes on crops as well as being nontoxic to man and the environment (Coltro-Roncato et al, 2016;Bajestani et al, 2017;Bakr, 2018;Ogwulumba and Ogwulumba, 2018;Aji et al, 2019;Mamman et al, 2020;Moazezikho et al, 2020;Mamman et al, 2021). This necessitated the use of B. costatum to find out if it has the potential to curb damage to crops by M. javanica.…”