Use of MBR to sustain active biomass for treatment of low organic load grey water

Liberman, Nir; Shandalov, Semion; Forgacs, Chaim; Oron, Gideon; Brenner, Asher

doi:10.1007/s10098-016-1112-4

Cited by 17 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The MLSS was declined by increasing of OLR greater than 0.44 gCOD/L.d and COD greater than 200 mg/L. The reason could be the adverse effect of the high amounts of OLR and subsequently the impact of xenobiotic and non-biodegradable compositions on the microbial population which led to abatement of the MLSS (Eriksson et al 2002 ; Liberman et al 2016 ). Also, as a result of increasing of produced exopolysaccharide (EPSs) in attached growth process, suspended solids in IFAS reactor were precipitated, so MLSS decreased (Schnurr and Allen 2015 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodegradation and nutrients removal from greywater by an integrated fixed-film activated sludge (IFAS) in different organic loadings rates

et al. 2018

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In this study, the efficiency of Integrated Fixed-film Activated Sludge (IFAS) system in synthetic greywater treatment and nutrients removal was studied in duration of 105 days according to different Organic Loadings Rates (OLRs). The study was operated in pilot-scale and OLRs of 0.11–1.3 gCOD/L.d. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) image showed that the biofilm with a proper thickness was formed on IFAS reactor’s media. The results indicated that the best removal efficiency of BOD5, COD, and TSS were 85.24, 92.52 and 90.21%, respectively, in an organic loading of 0.44 gCOD/L.d. Then, with the OLR increased, the removal efficiencies of BOD5, COD, and TSS increased as long as the organic loading reached 0.44 gCOD/L.d. But with the OLR increased more, the removal efficiency of these parameters decreased. The ANOVA statistical test results showed that the mean difference of removal efficiency in organic loadings for BOD5 (p ≤ 0.001) and COD (p = 0.003) was significant, while it was insignificant for TSS (p = 0.23). The best removal efficiencies of Total Nitrogen (TN) and Total Phosphorus (TP) were 89.60 and 86.67%, respectively, which were obtained at an OLR of 0.44 gCOD/L.d. By increasing OLR up to 0.44 gCOD/L.d, removal efficiencies of TN and TP increased, while the removal efficiency decreased with the OLR increased more, and this difference was statistically significant (p = 0.021). Finally, the results showed that the IFAS system provided a proper efficiency in treatment of the synthetic greywater and it could be used in a full scale.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodegradation and nutrients removal from greywater by an integrated fixed-film activated sludge (IFAS) in different organic loadings rates

et al. 2018

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“…Another alternative water source for cultivating microalgae and cyanobacteria is greywater, which is a category of domestic wastewater that consists of ∼75% of the total wastewater volume . Greywater includes wastewater from domestic washing machines, bathrooms, sinks, but not toilet wastewater . Gokulan et al determined that the microalgae Botryococcus braunii was capable of reducing nitrogen content in greywater from 14.21 ppm to 0.31 ppm and phosphorous from 9.64 ppm to 2.16 ppm .…”

Section: Improvements To Cultivation Mediummentioning

confidence: 99%

Photobioreactor cultivation strategies for microalgae and cyanobacteria

Johnson

Katuwal

Anderson

et al. 2018

Biotechnology Progress

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The current burden on fossil-derived chemicals and fuels combined with the rapidly increasing global population has led to a crucial need to develop renewable and sustainable sources of chemicals and biofuels. Photoautotrophic microorganisms, including cyanobacteria and microalgae, have garnered a great deal of attention for their capability to produce these chemicals from carbon dioxide, mineralized water, and solar energy. While there have been substantial amounts of research directed at scaling-up production from these microorganisms, several factors have proven difficult to overcome, including high costs associated with cultivation, photobioreactor construction, and artificial lighting. Decreasing these costs will substantially increase the economic feasibility of these production processes. Thus, the purpose of this review is to describe various photobioreactor designs, and then provide an overview on lighting systems, mixing, gas transfer, and the hydrodynamics of bubbles. These factors must be considered when the goal of a production process is economic feasibility. Targets for improving microalgae and cyanobacteria cultivation media, including water reduction strategies will also be described. As fossil fuel reserves continue to be depleted and the world population continues to increase, it is imperative that renewable chemical and biofuel production processes be developed toward becoming economically feasible. Thus, it is essential that future research is directed toward improving these processes. © 2018 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 34:811-827, 2018.

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“…-In the MBR treatment the membrane-cleaning step is based on air scouring avoiding backwashing cycles or the use of chemicals (Liberman et al, 2016).…”

Section: Life Cycle Inventorymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Spanish law allows its recycling under several circumstances (Real Decreto 1620. Hence, it is adequate for toilet flushing, irrigation, laundry, fire extinguishing, groundwater discharge or car and window washing (Ghunmi et al, 2011;Liberman et al, 2016;Santasmasas et al, 2013). This kind of water contains surfactants, which are compounds commonly used in the formulation of detergents and personal care products that represent an environmental hazard due to their low biodegradability and their ability to provoke foams (Suárez-Ojeda et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

LCA of greywater management within a water circular economy restorative thinking framework

Dominguez

Laso

Margallo

et al. 2018

Science of The Total Environment

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Greywater reuse is an attractive option for the sustainable management of water under water scarcity circumstances, within a water circular economy restorative thinking framework. Its successful deployment relies on the availability of low cost and environmentally friendly technologies. The life cycle assessment (LCA) approach provides the appropriate methodological tool for the evaluation of alternative treatments based on environmental decision criteria and, therefore, it is highly useful during the process conceptual design. This methodology should be employed in the early design phase to select those technologies with lower environmental impact. This work reports the comparative LCA of three scenarios for greywater reuse: photocatalysis, photovoltaic solar-driven photocatalysis and membrane biological reactor, in order to help the selection of the most environmentally friendly technology. The study has been focused on the removal of the surfactant sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, which is used in the formulation of detergents and personal care products and, thus, widely present in greywater. LCA was applied using the Environmental Sustainability Assessment methodology to obtain two main environmental indicators in order to simplify the decision making process: natural resources and environmental burdens. Energy consumption is the main contributor to both indicators owing to the high energy consumption of the light source for the photocatalytic greywater treatment. In order to reduce its environmental burdens, the most desirable scenario would be the use of solar light for the photocatalytic transformation. However, while the technological challenge of direct use of solar light is approached, the environmental suitability of the photovoltaic solar energy driven photocatalysis technology to greywater reuse has been demonstrated, as it involves the smallest environmental impact among the three studied alternatives.

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Use of MBR to sustain active biomass for treatment of low organic load grey water

Cited by 17 publications

References 13 publications

Biodegradation and nutrients removal from greywater by an integrated fixed-film activated sludge (IFAS) in different organic loadings rates

Biodegradation and nutrients removal from greywater by an integrated fixed-film activated sludge (IFAS) in different organic loadings rates

Photobioreactor cultivation strategies for microalgae and cyanobacteria

LCA of greywater management within a water circular economy restorative thinking framework

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