Use of Medications With Somnolence Adverse Effects and Somnolence Symptoms Among Older Adults in the U.S.

Abstract

Objectives Nearly half of older adults experience somnolence, but the link between medications with somnolence as an adverse effect and somnolence is unclear. This study investigated the association between polypharmacy and somnolence symptoms (excessive sleepiness or long sleep duration). Methods Data from the National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project (NSHAP) 2010–2011 was used to examine the concurrent use of medications with potential somnolence as an adverse effect and the prevalence of somnolence symptoms. Results Among the 2638 older adults (mean, 71 years), 49.0% used medications with potential somnolence adverse effects. The adjusted prevalence of somnolence symptoms was significantly higher among those using three or more medications (58%) than those not using such medications (31.2%) (difference, 20.4%; 95% CI 12.5, 28.4). Discussion In this cross-sectional study, medications with somnolence as a potential adverse effect were commonly used, and the findings suggest a link between polypharmacy and the increased risk of somnolence symptoms.