Use of Mixtures of Allelochemicals to Compare Bioassays Using Red Maple, Pin Cherry, and American Elm

Véronneau, Hélène; Greer, Ann; Daigle, Stéphane; Vincent, Gilles

doi:10.1023/b:joec.0000006389.50186.e3

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…We used a rapid and simple bioassay to assess the presence of water-soluble allelochemicals in wood chips. Lettuce was chosen for the bioassay since the seeds germinate in a short period and previous studies have found lettuce bioassays to be highly sensitive to allelochemicals (Macias et al, 1993;Yu and Matsui, 1994;Veronneau et al, 1997). We focused on only water-soluble compounds that could be eluted in 24 or 48 h, because of their relevance in a field situation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Allelopathic Potential of Wood Chips for Weed Suppression in Horticultural Production Systems

Rathinasabapathi¹,

Ferguson²,

Gal³

2005

HortSci

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Shredded and chipped wood mulches are used for weed suppression in perennial fruit crops, in urban landscapes, and occasionally in vegetable crops. Wood chip mulches with weed-suppressing allelochemicals may be more effective for weed control, especially under sustainable and organic production systems, than mulches without such properties. The objective of this study was to test for the presence of water-soluble allelochemicals in wood chips derived from tree species, often found in wood resource recovery operations in the southeastern US. Presence of allelochemicals in water eluates of woodchips and leaves was evaluated in a lettuce bioassay. Eluates of wood chips from red maple (Acer rubrum L.), swamp chestnut oak (Quercus michauxii Nutt.), red cedar (Juniperus silicicola L.H. Bailey), neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.), and magnolia (Magnolia grandiflora L.) highly inhibited germinating lettuce seeds, as assessed by inhibition of hypocotyl and radicle growth. The effects of wood chip eluates from these five species were more than that found for eluates from wood chips of black walnut (Juglans nigra L.,) a species previously identified to have weed-suppressing allelochemicals. Tests on red cedar, red maple, and neem showed that water-soluble allelochemicals were present not only in the wood but also in the leaves. In greenhouse trials, red cedar wood chip mulch significantly inhibited the growth of florida beggarweed (Desmodium tortuosum DC.), compared to the gravel-mulched and no-mulch controls.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Allelopathic Potential of Wood Chips for Weed Suppression in Horticultural Production Systems

Rathinasabapathi¹,

Ferguson²,

Gal³

2005

HortSci

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“…e essence of the allelopathy process is the secretion by the plants (donors) of speci c chemical compounds that favourably or adversely a ect other plants (acceptors) (Wójcik-Wojtkowiak, Politycka, 1998). Allelopathic reactions of one plant to anoth-er are the result of interactions of mixtures of di erent compounds, not just a single substance (Blum, 1996;Veronneau et al, 1997). In crops, the antagonistic e ects of various groups of chemical compounds are more pronounced at low concentrations, compared to the action of individual substances.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of seed coat in the germination and early stages of growth of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in the presence of chickweed (Stellaria media (L.) Vill.)

Mazur¹

2019

AUPCStudiaNaturae

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The aim of the study was to determine the role of the seed coat in the presence of aqueous extracts from Stellaria media (L.) Vill. on germination and early growth stages of bean seeds Phaseolus vulgaris L. Dry shoots of the chickweed aqueous extracts were prepared, with which the bean seeds with coat and without coat were treated. The control group was seeds watered only with distilled water. After 7 days of the experiment, seed germination parameters, seed germination rate (SE), seed vitality index (SVI), seedling growth inhibition index (IP), fresh and dry mass values and percentage water content were determined. The experiment showed the germination capacity of bean seeds was varied, in relation to seeds from the control. With increasing concentrations of extracts, a significant reduction in the seed germination rate was observed, both for those with seed coat and without seed coat. The seed vitality index increased only in seeds with coat, and decreased in each of the applied concentrations of extracts in seeds without seed coat. The seedling growth inhibition index reached negative values in both groups of seeds tested only at a concentration of 5%. In comparison to the control, IP was positive for seedlings watered with 15% extracts. For P. vulgaris seedlings grown on 5% of extracts the highest increase in the fresh mass was observed, in relation to the value of control mass. For seedlings grown from seeds with seed coat the diferences in the dry mass values primarily were noted. The percentage of water content in bean seedlings varied depending on the group of seeds studied and the concentration of allelopathic substances in the chickweed aqueous extracts. The examined indexes of seed germination and seedling growth showed that in the case of P. vulgaris seeds without seed coat. The role of seed coat in the germination and early stages of growth of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in the presence of chickweed (Stellaria media (L.) Vill.) were more sensitive to aqueous extracts from dry shoots of S. media. Compared to the control group, in low concentrations of allelopathic substances the seeds germinated similarly to the distilled water, and at higher concentrations, the seeds germination, the seedlings growth and fresh and dry mass values were inhibited.

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“…The allelopathic interactions are probably the result of mixtures of different compounds, not just a single substance (Einhellig, 1996;Inderjit et al, 1997;Veronneau et al, 1997). Vanhaecke et al (2008) showed that S. media contains many oligosaccharides from the raffinose family that participate in the translocation and use of coal and fulfil the protective functions against abiotic stress caused by frost, drought or the presence of salts in the soil.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Aqueous Extracts from Stellaria media L. on the Growth of Zea mays L. Cultivars

Zandi

Możdżeń

Barabasz‐Krasny

et al. 2019

Not Bot Horti Agrobo

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Plants introduce chemicals into the environment that can be toxic, both for themselves and for other species. Weed infestation of crops is a competition for environmental resources, but at the same time is a source of chemical substances released into the soil, often reducing yield potential. The paper attempts to investigate the allelopathic interaction of aquatic extracts from dry shoots of chickweed Stellaria media L. on germination and development of maize Zea mays L. seedlings of ‘San’, ‘Kidemos’ and ‘DKC 3441’ cultivars. Along with the increase in the concentration of allelopathic substances, a decrease in the germination activity of all tested maize cultivars was observed. Germination percentage as like percentage of control was the highest for seeds germinating on substrates with 1% chickweed extracts and the lowest for seeds watered with 5% extracts. Biometric measurements of seedlings showed that the most sensitive cultivar of maize was ‘DKC 3441’, and the resistant cultivar ‘San’. The relative water content was the highest for seedlings grown on the 5% extracts. Significant differences in the amount of fresh and dry masses of maize seedlings were demonstrated at the highest concentrations of extracts compared to the control. A significant increase in electrolyte leakage compared to the control sample was found in the ‘Kidemos’ cultivar. The lowest differences in the destabilization of the ionic transport through cell membranes for the ‘DKC 3441’ cultivar were demonstrated. ********* In press - Online First. Article has been peer reviewed, accepted for publication and published online without pagination. It will receive pagination when the issue will be ready for publishing as a complete number (Volume 47, Issue 3, 2019). The article is searchable and citable by Digital Object Identifier (DOI). DOI link will become active after the article will be included in the complete issue. *********

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Use of Mixtures of Allelochemicals to Compare Bioassays Using Red Maple, Pin Cherry, and American Elm

Cited by 8 publications

References 32 publications

Evaluation of Allelopathic Potential of Wood Chips for Weed Suppression in Horticultural Production Systems

Evaluation of Allelopathic Potential of Wood Chips for Weed Suppression in Horticultural Production Systems

The role of seed coat in the germination and early stages of growth of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in the presence of chickweed (Stellaria media (L.) Vill.)

The Influence of Aqueous Extracts from Stellaria media L. on the Growth of Zea mays L. Cultivars

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