Use of modern and traditional products to self-treat symptoms of sexually transmitted infections in South African women

Abstract

The objective of the study is to investigate products used by women self-treating symptoms of reproductive tract infections (RTIs), including sexually transmitted infections (STIs), and their methods of administration. A household survey using a multi-stage cluster sample design was undertaken in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Women aged 18-60 years were interviewed (n = 867) and information was collected on demographics, reproductive health and sexual behaviours. A fifth of women reported having RTI/STI symptoms (20.5%), of whom 41.9% were treating these symptoms (mostly discharge [79.1%], ulcers [6.8%] and itching [7.7%]). Only three women were using medication prescribed by a health provider, while the remainder were self-treating using traditional medicines and modern products, including antiseptics, soaps, petroleum jelly, menthol creams and alum. Products were administered in various ways. Although RTI/STI treatment is widely available and free in public health facilities, many women are still self-treating. Potential harm of products for self-treatment requires further investigation and efforts should be made to improve STI service uptake.

Prevalence and Motivations of Vaginal Practices in Tete Province, Mozambique

“…Ingestion, insertion, application, and steaming were also used as a treatment of ill-health symptoms and pregnancy-related issues, as reported in a South African study (Beksinska et al, 2010). Other methods of treatment mentioned referred to a scarification process in the genital area and tattoos of the vulva or labia.…”

The Implications of Post-coital Intravaginal Cleansing for the Introduction of Vaginal Microbicides in South Africa

“…There has been extensive research into women’s intravaginal cleansing practices in sub-Saharan Africa. In South Africa, studies in the general population have found that the percentage of women reporting intravaginal cleansing varies considerably, from 13 % in the Western Cape to 87 % in Gauteng [5–14], although the prevalence was higher among commercial sex workers [15–18]. Intravaginal cleansing is practiced for a variety of reasons such as maintaining vaginal hygiene and health, treating infections, and preparing for sex [5].…”