Use of near infrared spectroscopy in monitoring of volatile fatty acids in anaerobic digestion

Jacobi, H.; Moschner, Christian R.; Hartung, Eberhard

doi:10.2166/wst.2009.345

Cited by 58 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Precipitation of insoluble inorganic P during anaerobic digestion tends to reduce the concentration of immediately available P and micronutrients [77], although this does not usually result in P deficiency in crops [93,94], perhaps because the N:P ratio in the untreated manure is higher than the N:P requirement of most plants [76]. Volatile fatty acids and other labile organic compounds are formed as intermediates in the anaerobic digestion process [95,96]. If these compounds are still present when bioslurry is applied to the soil, they provide a readily available source of C, which could result in the available nutrients being immobilized or lost from the soil [97].…”

Section: Bioslurry Produced By Anaerobic Digestion 51 Composition Omentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Treatment of organic wastes before application by anaerobic digestion or composting, allows losses of nutrients to be reduced, and allows C-rich organic wastes to be included in crop nutrition that could not otherwise be used. Bioslurries from anaerobic digestion also provide a high input of immediately available nutrients that promotes a rapid response from the crop [91], but because C rich materials have been decomposed before they are added to the soil, the risks of immobilization are reduced compared to untreated wastes [95,96]. Phytotoxicity is also reduced by the digestion process, so the bioslurry can usually be applied directly to the crop when nutrients are needed, greatly reducing the risks of nutrient loss by leaching or volatilization.…”

Section: The Potential Of Biogas Digesters To Improve Soil Fertility mentioning

confidence: 99%

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What is the potential for biogas digesters to improve soil fertility and crop production in Sub-Saharan Africa?

Smith

Abegaz

Matthews

et al. 2014

Biomass and Bioenergy

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Three alternative soil amendments of organic wastes are considered: application of untreated animal manures, bioslurry from biogas digestion, composted materials, and biochar produced by pyrolysis cook-stoves. Application of untreated manures provides high input of available nutrients, which results in an initial flush in crop growth. However, risks of losing nutrients are high because manure is usually applied before sowing to avoid reduced yields due to phytotoxicity, resulting in increased losses by leaching or volatilization. Furthermore, the heterogeneous nature of untreated manures results in immobilization of nutrients by carbon-rich materials. A greater amount of nutrients are potentially available to crops from applied bioslurry. Typically 5-10% of the nitrogen is lost during anaerobic digestion, but bioslurry provides immediately available nutrients that can be applied as needed, so reducing risks of nutrient loss. If, however, bioslurry was applied in a single dose, losses would be similar in magnitude to untreated manures. Risks of nutrient losses are also lower when wastes are applied as composts, but in contrast to bioslurry, this is because the concentration of immediately available nutrients is very low, most nutrients being held in organic form that will become available only slowly over the growing season. Composts provide an option for single dose application, but a larger proportion of nitrogen is lost during composting (26-51%) than during anaerobic digestion (5-10%). Losses of nitrogen during pyrolysis are also very high (70-90%), but biochar can reduce losses of native soil nutrients by providing exchange sites that hold nutrients in the soil.

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Section: Bioslurry Produced By Anaerobic Digestion 51 Composition Omentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Potential Of Biogas Digesters To Improve Soil Fertility mentioning

confidence: 99%

What is the potential for biogas digesters to improve soil fertility and crop production in Sub-Saharan Africa?

Smith

Abegaz

Matthews

et al. 2014

Biomass and Bioenergy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Jacobi et al [53] reported the use of near infrared spectroscopy for monitoring of a full-scale agricultural AD plant processing maize silage. It was stated that according to German authorities, 4000 agricultural AD plants were in operation in Germany by the end of year 2008.…”

Section: Near Infrared Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring of anaerobic digestion processes: A review perspective

Madsen

Holm‐Nielsen

Esbensen

2011

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

240

122

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The versatility of anaerobic digestion (AD) as an effective technology for solving central challenges met in applied biotechnological industry and society has been documented in numerous publications over the past many decades. Reduction of sludge volume generated from wastewater treatment processes, sanitation of industrial organic waste, and benefits from degassing of manure are a few of the most important applications. Especially, renewable energy production, integrated biorefining concepts, and advanced waste handling are delineated as the major market players for AD that likely will expand rapidly in the near future. The complex, biologically mediated AD events are far from being understood in detail however. Despite decade-long serious academic and industrial research efforts, only a few general rules have been formulated with respect to assessing the state of the process from chemical measurements. Conservative reactor designs have dampened the motivation for employing new technologies, which also constitutes one of the main barriers for successful upgrade of the AD sector with modern process monitoring instrumentation. Recent advances in Process Analytical Technologies (PAT) allow complex bioconversion processes to be monitored and deciphered using e.g. spectroscopic and electrochemical measurement principles. In combination with chemometric multivariate data analysis these emerging process monitoring modalities carry the potential to bring AD process monitoring and control to a new level of reliability and effectiveness. It is shown, how proper involvement of process sampling understanding, Theory of Sampling (TOS), constitutes a critical success factor. We survey the more recent trends within the field of AD monitoring and the powerful PAT/TOS/chemometrics application potential is highlighted. The Danish co-digestion concept, which integrates utilisation of agricultural manure, biomass and industrial organic waste, is used as a case study. We present a first foray for the next research and development perspectives and directions for the AD bioconversion sector.

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“…Several studies have pointed out that the determination of individual volatile fatty acids will also contribute towards improved understanding of anaerobic digestion and prevent a failure of the process [21,25]. Therefore, concentration and composition of the VFA are the best parameters to reflect the metabolic state of the biochemical process in anaerobic digester and this information would enable the optimal feeding of the biohydrogen or biogas plant [26]. Furthermore, the determination of impurities from crude glycerol such as methanol in the anaerobic digester is relevant as well as the monitoring of VFA due to its inhibitory character in high levels of concentration in biohydrogen production [7,27,28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of alcohols and volatile organic acids in anaerobic bioreactors for H 2 production by near infrared spectroscopy

Nespeca

Rodrigues

Santana

et al. 2017

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

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In recent years, near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy has been investigated as a tool for monitoring anaerobic digesters, but several adversities in its application have been reported. This study proposes the application of NIR for the determination of alcohols and volatile organic acids from H 2 production bioreactors and evaluates different approaches to optimize the prediction models. Partial least squad (PLS) models were developed using samples from anaerobic batch reactors fed with crude glycerol for wastewater treatment. The analytes predicted were: methanol, ethanol, 1-butanol, acetic, propanoic, butyric, isocaproic and total volatile organic acids (VFA). The optimization of the predictive capacity of the models was achieved through the orthogonal signal correction (OSC) preprocessing and the selection of variables performed by the genetic algorithm (GA). The application of the proposed models were based on the following figures of merit: accuracy, precision, linearity, limits of detection and quantitation, measurement interval, sensitivity, selectivity, signal-to-noise ratio and bias. Despite the low selectivity (maximum of 0.12%), the models presented high sensitivity [g À1 ¼ 0.19 (mg L À1) À1 ], low LOQ (1 mg L À1) and correlation between reference and predicted values (r) at least 0.93, except for propanoic acid (r pred ¼ 0.85). The F-test revealed that the selection of variables by GA significantly improved the accuracy and linearity of the prediction models for methanol, acetic acid, isocaproic acid and VFA. NIR spectroscopy has proved to be a powerful tool for monitoring H 2 production bioreactors since provides fast, low cost and multicomponent information.

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Use of near infrared spectroscopy in monitoring of volatile fatty acids in anaerobic digestion

Cited by 58 publications

References 12 publications

What is the potential for biogas digesters to improve soil fertility and crop production in Sub-Saharan Africa?

What is the potential for biogas digesters to improve soil fertility and crop production in Sub-Saharan Africa?

Monitoring of anaerobic digestion processes: A review perspective

Determination of alcohols and volatile organic acids in anaerobic bioreactors for H 2 production by near infrared spectroscopy

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