Use of osmotic solutes to control seed germination of rice and common bean in seed health blotter tests

Machado, José C.; Coutinho, W. M.; Guimarães, Renato Mendes; Vieira, M. G. G. C.; Ferreira, Daniel Franklin Nunes

doi:10.15258/sst.2008.36.1.07

Cited by 8 publications

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“…Germination rates and radicle length decreased as osmotic potentials increased (Figures 1 and 2). Similar results were observed by Machado et al (2007Machado et al ( , 2008 with cotton, rice and common bean seeds submitted to blotter moistened with osmotic solutions prepared with NaCl, KCl and mannitol solutes.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

“…The fast-growing radicle may cause cross contamination between seeds and may make it difficult to identify the fungi associated with germinated seeds by stereomicroscope examination. Inhibition of seed germination of dicotyledonous species such as common bean and soybean (Machado et al, 2008) is routinely done by adding 2,4-dicholorophenoxyacetic acid (sodium salt formulation of 2,4-D) to water used to moisten the blotter in seed health tests (Hagborg et al, 1950;Neergaard, 1979;Machado, 1988). However, due to the carcinogenic nature of 2,4-D, other protocols have been developed, using blotter moistened with osmotic solutions adjusted at different osmotic potentials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The use of osmotic solution instead of water plus 2,4 D has been successfully applied to inhibit or retard seed germination of monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous species, such as rice, bean, maize and wheat in blotter test (Coutinho et al, 2001;Farias et al, 2003;Machado et al, 2003Machado et al, , 2008. The technique is based on the manipulation of seed water relations by changing the water used to moisten the blotter to osmotic solutions prepared with ionic and non-ionic solutes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Under that condition water uptake by seeds is controlled and the germination process is inhibited or reduced. Seed germination in blotter test can be inhibited or retarded using compounds such as salts and sugars (Machado et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Growth of Colletotrichum lindemunthianum, Bipolaris sorokiniana, Acremonium strictum, Drechslera oryzae, Phoma sorghina, Pyricularia grisea, Gerlachia oryzae, Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. phaseoli, Macrophomina phaseolina and Rhizoctonia solani increased progressively as the osmotic potential increased in the range varying from -0.3 MPa to -1.0 MPa (Carvalho et al, 2001;Farias et al, 2004;Teixeira et al, 2005;Machado et al, 2008). The effect was independent of the solute type, either salt or sucrose, in the agar medium.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Use of osmotic solutions for inhibition of sunflower seed germination in blotter test

Falleiro

Almeida

Coutinho

et al. 2010

Trop. plant pathol.

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The aim of this work was to investigate the feasibility of using a water restriction technique with osmotic solutes to control sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) seed germination in blotter tests. The effects of water potential (-0.8 MPa -Megapascal, -1.0 MPa, -1.2 MPa and -1.4 MPa) of substrates osmotically modified with sodium chloride or mannitol were evaluated for seed germination, radicle length and mycoflora present in the samples. The effects of levels of osmotic potentials ranging from -0.35 MPa to -1.4 MPa were also investigated on mycelial growth of the fungi Alternaria alternata and Alternaria zinniae on PDA medium. All osmotic potentials were able to inhibit or to retard seed germination to the extent that seed examination in stereomicroscope became easier without affecting seed mycoflora associated with the seeds. Mycelial growth of A. alternata was stimulated by all osmotic solutes tested, while mycelial growth of A. zinniae was stimulated by mannitol and reduced by all NaCl osmotic potential levels used. Key words: Helianthus annuus, sodium chloride, mannitol. RESUMO Uso de solutos osmóticos na inhibição da germinação de sementes de girasol em testes de sanidade ("blotter test")Neste trabalho, o objetivo foi avaliar o uso de solutos osmóticos em testes de sanidade de sementes de girassol pelo método de incubação em papel de filtro com restrição hídrica do substrato, induzida pela adição de cloreto de sódio e manitol, em relação à germinação de sementes, comprimento de radícula e a detecção da micoflora associada às sementes ou plântulas. Foram testados os níveis de restrição hídrica de -0,8 MPa (Megapascal), -1.0 MPa, -1,2 MPa e -1,4 MPa. O crescimento micelial in vitro dos fungos Alternaria alternata e Alternaria zinniae foi também avaliado em meio de BDA osmoticamente modificado com os mesmos solutos e níveis de restrição, variando de -0,35 MPa (BDA padrão) a -1,4 MPa. A restrição hídrica do substrato de papel induzida pelos solutos testados, nos níveis avaliados, reduziu a germinação das sementes e o comprimento de radícula e não interferiu na detecção dos fungos. A restrição hídrica do meio BDA, induzida por manitol nos diferentes potenciais osmóticos testados, estimulou o crescimento micelial tanto de A. alternata quanto de A. zinniae, enquanto que o meio modificado com NaCl estimulou apenas o crescimento micelial de A. alternata, afetando adversamente o crescimento micelial de A. zinniae. Palavras-chave: Helianthus annuus, cloreto de sódio, manitol.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Use of osmotic solutions for inhibition of sunflower seed germination in blotter test

Falleiro

Almeida

Coutinho

et al. 2010

Trop. plant pathol.

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Incubation methods for the detection of fungi associated with caraway (Carum carvi L.) seeds

2015

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S u m m a r y Introduction: Infestation with fungi may significantly affect the quality of seeds. However, there is no standard method for caraway (Carum carvi L.) seed health testing. Objective:The aim of the present study was to determine the most efficient method of the detection of fungi associatyed with caraway seeds. Methods: Seven incubation methods for evaluation of health of these seeds were compared: deep freeze blotter test, blotter test with mannitol, blotter test with polyethylene glycol, agar tests on potato-dextrose-agar (PDA) and on reduced PDA (RPDA) without seed disinfection, and agar tests on PDA and RPDA after seed disinfection. The evaluation was performed after 10 and 14 days of incubation. Results: Thirty two fungal genera were associated with the seeds. Alternaria alternata, Cladosporium spp. and Rhizopus nigricans were identified most frequently. Prolongation of incubation time favoured growth of Fusarium spp. and R. nigricans to the highest extent. Conclusions: The greatest seed infestation with fungi, especially Alternaria spp., was observed in the deep freeze blotter test followed by the blotter test with mannitol. Both of them could be recommended for further study on caraway seed health testing.

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Avaliação do potencial de uso da restrição hídrica em teste de sanidade de sementes de trigo visando à detecção de fungos

Celano¹,

Machado

Filho

et al. 2012

Rev. bras. sementes

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RESUMO -Objetivou-se, com o presente trabalho, avaliar a viabilidade do uso da restrição hídrica, em substituição ou alternativa ao uso da técnica de congelamento de sementes de trigo, no teste de incubação em substrato de papel, blotter test. O trabalho consistiu na comparação das duas técnicas por meio do exame de 60 amostras de sementes, coletadas em diferentes áreas do Estado de Minas Gerais e outras regiões do país, tendo como restritor hídrico o soluto manitol, no potencial de -1,10 MPa, valor este determinado preliminarmente com base na capacidade de redução da germinação das sementes de trigo em condições do teste de sanidade. A incidência média de Bipolaris sorokiniana não foi afetada por nenhuma das técnicas comparadas, havendo, por outro lado, um maior estímulo da restrição hídrica em relação à Pyricularia grisea, Aspergillus ochraceus, Cladosporium cladosporioides e Epicoccum purpuracens. Para Alternaria alternata, Drechslera tritici-repentis e Fusarium graminearum, os maiores valores de incidência ocorreram no método do congelamento.Termos para indexação: Triticum aestivum, patologia de sementes, blotter test. Potential of water restriction technique for wheat seed health testingABSTRACT -The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of the water restriction technique as an alternative to deep freezing for inhibiting wheat seed germination during blotter test incubation. The two techniques were compared using sixty seed samples collected in different areas of Minas Gerais state and other regions of Brazil. The water restriction established was determined by using manitol, at a potential of -1.10 MPa, based on the results of preliminary essays. The mean incidence of B. sorokiniana was not affected by any of the two techniques. Values for the incidence of Pyricularia grisea, Aspergillus ochraceus, Cladosporium cladosporioides and Epicoccum purpuracens were higher when water restriction was used. On the other hand, values for the incidence of Alternaria alternata, Drechslera triticirepentis and Fusarium graminearum were lower with water restriction. Elongation of the seed radicle can be tolerated to a certain degree during blotter test incubation and the water restriction technique is a potential alternative of the freezing technique for detecting most of the fungi associated with wheat seeds.

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Use of osmotic solutes to control seed germination of rice and common bean in seed health blotter tests

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Use of osmotic solutions for inhibition of sunflower seed germination in blotter test

Use of osmotic solutions for inhibition of sunflower seed germination in blotter test

Incubation methods for the detection of fungi associated with caraway (Carum carvi L.) seeds

Avaliação do potencial de uso da restrição hídrica em teste de sanidade de sementes de trigo visando à detecção de fungos

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