Use of Peat Moss Amended with Soybean Oil for Mitigation of Dissolved Explosive Compounds Leaching into the Subsurface: Insight into Mass Transfer Mechanisms

Abiotic reduction of 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one (NTO) and other munitions constituents by wood-derived biochar through its rechargeable electron storage capacity

“…Despite the low solubility of RDX, the non-aromatic structure may have contributed to the considerably lower C s,max compared to DNAN. 67,68 Although NQ has high solubility and the lowest molecular weight, the C s,max for NQ was twice that for NTO on a mass basis, suggesting the charge of NTO hindered its sorption. Overall, Rogue showed significant sorption capacities for MCs, especially for neutral and aromatic MCs such as DNAN.…”

Impact of glycerin and lignosulfonate on biodegradation of high explosives in soil

“…Sphagnum peat moss addition to soil slurries was effective in stimulating RDX mineralization and crude soybean oil addition stimulated TNT, RDX, and HMX mineralization (Fuller et al 2004). The combination of peat moss and crude soybean oil (PMSO) reduced leaching of both RDX and MNX by two orders of magnitude (Schaefer et al 2005;Fuller et al 2009). However, application of PMSO to ranges may have some operational issues including: a) increased dust problems in arid areas; b) increased fire hazard; c) challenges in distributing the material without exposing workers to UXO hazards; and d) disturbance of the PMSO amendment by ordinance detonation, potentially reducing treatment effectiveness.…”

Treatment of Explosives Residues From Range Activities

“…Based on the previous research and the data obtained during this project, the previously developed model of Schaefer et al (2005) was used to estimate the effective reduction in the fluxes of TNT, RDX, and HMX over time. A 10 cm layer of PMSO having a composition of 1:2 peat moss:crude soybean oil (w:w) and an annual rainfall of 70 cm was assumed.…”