Use of Performance-Intensity Functions for Diagnosis

Dirks, Donald D.; Kamm, Candace; Bower, Deborah R.; Betsworth, Anne

doi:10.1044/jshd.4203.408

Cited by 50 publications

(39 citation statements)

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“…For example, declines in speech recognition at high levels ("rollover") have been attributed in the clinical literature to changes in neural synchrony or phase locking associated with auditory nerve or brainstem pathology (e.g., Dirks et al 1977;Bess et al 1979), although these effects would not be relevant for subjects in the current study who are younger adults with normal hearing. As another example, changes with signal level in auditory nerve discharge rates for different spontaneous rate fiber groups have been related to increases and decreases in discriminability of intensity increments (e.g., Kawase et al 1993).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Level-Dependent Changes in Perception of Speech Envelope Cues

Dubno

Ahlstrom

Wang

et al. 2012

JARO

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Level-dependent changes in temporal envelope fluctuations in speech and related changes in speech recognition may reveal effects of basilar-membrane nonlinearities. As a result of compression in the basilar-membrane response, the "effective" magnitude of envelope fluctuations may be reduced as speech level increases from lower level (more linear) to midlevel (more compressive) regions. With further increases to a more linear region, speech envelope fluctuations may become more pronounced. To assess these effects, recognition of consonants and key words in sentences was measured as a function of speech level for younger adults with normal hearing. Consonant-vowel syllables and sentences were spectrally degraded using "noise vocoder" processing to maximize perceptual effects of changes to the speech envelope. Broadband noise at a fixed signal-to-noise ratio maintained constant audibility as speech level increased. Results revealed significant increases in scores and envelope-dependent feature transmission from 45 to 60 dB SPL and decreasing scores and feature transmission from 60 to 85 dB SPL. This quadratic pattern, with speech recognition maximized at mid levels and poorer at lower and higher levels, is consistent with a role of cochlear nonlinearities in perception of speech envelope cues.K e y w o r d s : b a s i l a r -m e m b r a n e r e s p o n s e s , compression, human, speech envelope, vocoder

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Level-Dependent Changes in Perception of Speech Envelope Cues

Dubno

Ahlstrom

Wang

et al. 2012

JARO

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…To elicit the effect, the sound level usually needs to exceed 70 dB SPL (Jerger et al 1971;Studebaker et al 1999;Miranda & Pichora-Fuller 2002). Last, the rollover effect appears to increase in prevalence as people age (Jerger & Jerger 1971;Gang 1976;Dirks et al 1977;Shirinian & Arnst 1980).…”

Section: Level Effects and Rollover In Speech Perceptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Further increases in level not only do not lead to a further increase in intelligibility but also can result in a loss of intelligibility for some listeners. This phenomenon is called the "rollover" effect (Jerger & Jerger 1971;Dirks et al 1977;Bess et al 1979). …”

Section: Level Effects and Rollover In Speech Perceptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is more likely to occur in younger adults when words are embedded in background noise (Studebaker et al 1999) or perceptually distorted (Miranda et al 2002). Importantly, to elicit the effect, stimulus presentation levels have to be well above the level at which the correct reporting of words reaches its maximum level (Dirks et al 1977;Studebaker et al 1999;Miranda & Pichora-Fuller 2002).…”

Section: Level Effects and Rollover In Speech Perceptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both of these groups tend to suffer from reduced audibility and are, as a consequence, subjected to higher presentation levels, either through talking louder or by amplifying the sound. However, we know that the benefit of raising the presentation level to compensate for sensitivity loss is limited and that when presentation levels become too high, the result is a reduction rather than an increase in intelligibility (the rollover effect; Jerger & Jerger 1971;Dirks et al 1977;Bess et al 1979). This raises the possibility that a similar limitation to raised presentation levels exists for memory and that a listening situation can exist in which words, although still correctly recognized, become difficult to encode into memory if the presentation level is too high.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effect of Presentation Level on Memory Performance

Heinrich

Schneider

2011

Ear &Amp; Hearing

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Objectives: A loss of speech intelligibility at high presentation levels is called rollover. It is a phenomenon that increases in prevalence as people age. Whether the adverse effect of high presentation levels extends to processes subsequent to speech intelligibility, such as memory, is unknown. The present study examined this question on the basis of the previous finding that older but not younger adults showed memory impairment when acoustically distorted words were presented at 50 dB SL compared with an undistorted baseline presented at 65 dB SPL. One question investigated in the present study was whether a presentation level of 50 dB SL put older listeners at the cusp of rollover and whether this subsequently impaired memory. Moreover, we wanted to know whether and at what level it was possible to induce a similar impairment in younger listeners. Design:We used a paired-associate memory paradigm in which five word pairs per list were presented at a rate of 4 secs per word pair. After each list, the first word of one of the pairs was presented again and the listener was asked to recall the second word. Over the course of the experiment, all list positions were tested an equal number of times. The word pairs, which were acoustically distorted using a jittering algorithm, were presented at 40 dB SL to all younger and older participants and just below an uncomfortably loud level for younger listeners only. Intelligibility of the distorted words was equated across age groups for each presentation level. The effect of presentation level on memory performance was investigated and compared with data of a previous study that used the same design but presented the distorted and undistorted words at 50 dB SL to both age groups. A total of 58 younger and 24 older adults were tested in two experiments. Results:The results showed that for older adults, memory performance for distorted words was decreased in all list positions at a presentation level of 50 dB SL compared with 40 dB SL and an undistorted 65 dB SPL baseline. This effect did not occur for younger listeners. However, when younger adults were tested at a very high presentation level, they showed the same memory decrease compared with the baseline as older adults showed for 50 dB SL. Conclusions:A high presentation level of distorted words can adversely affect memory even after intelligibility is equated for. Moreover, older listeners are affected at lower presentation levels. Hence, the choice of sound level, particularly for older listeners, is important and may affect their level of cognitive performance beyond its effects on intelligibility. Higher presentation levels may not always lead to better performance when the task involves recall of words previously heard.

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