Use of phonological codes for Chinese characters: Evidence from processing of parafoveal preview when reading sentences

Tsai, Jie-Li; Lee, Chia Ying; Tzeng, Ovid J.L.; Hung, Daisy L.; Yen, Nai-Shing

doi:10.1016/j.bandl.2004.02.005

Cited by 96 publications

(94 citation statements)

References 45 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…For English, Rayner et al (2005) offer an overall estimate of 20% though skipping rate varies inversely with the number of letters in a word (Brysbaert & Vitu, 1998;Rayner, 1998). For Chinese, estimates of skipping rates range from 10% to 42% (Chen et al, 2003;Rayner et al, 2005;Tsai, Lee, Tzeng, Hung, & Yen, 2004). Regressive eye movements constituted 24% of the first-pass saccades, which is higher than English (15-20%) (Rayner & Pollatsek, 1989) and Chinese (10%) (Chen et al, 2003).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linguistic complexity and information structure in Korean: Evidence from eye-tracking during reading☆

Lee

Gordon

2007

Cognition

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The nature of the memory processes that support language comprehension and the manner in which information packaging influences online sentence processing were investigated in three experiments that used eye-tracking during reading to measure the ease of understanding complex sentences in Korean. All three experiments examined reading of embedded complement sentences; the third experiment additionally examined reading of sentences with object-modifying, object-extracted relative clauses. In Korean, both of these structures place two NPs with nominative case marking early in the sentence, with the embedded and matrix verbs following later. The type (pronoun, name or description) of these two critical NPs was varied in the experiments. When the initial NPs were of the same type, comprehension was slowed after participants had read the sentence-final verbs, a finding that supports the view that working memory in language comprehension is constrained by similarity-based interference during the retrieval of information necessary to determine the syntactic or semantic relations between noun phrases and verb phrases. Ease of comprehension was also influenced by the association between type of NP and syntactic position, with the best performance being observed when more definite NPs (pronouns and names) were in a prominent syntactic position (e.g., matrix subject) and less definite NPs (descriptions) were in a non-prominent syntactic position (embedded subject). This pattern provides evidence that the interpretation of sentences is facilitated by consistent packaging of information in different linguistic elements.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linguistic complexity and information structure in Korean: Evidence from eye-tracking during reading☆

Lee

Gordon

2007

Cognition

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Phonological preview benefit effects show that readers can use phonological information about a parafoveal word to help guide processing when the word is subsequently fixated Ashby, Treiman, Kessler, & Rayner, 2006;Chace, Rayner, & Well, 2005;Liu, Inhoff, Ye, & Wu, 2002;Miellet & Sparrow, 2004;Pollatsek, Lesch, Morris, & Rayner, 1992;Rayner, Sereno, Lesch, & Pollatsek, 1995;Sparrow & Miellet, 2002;Tsai, Lee, Tzeng, Hung, & Yen, 2004). Specifically, a parafoveal preview of a phonologically related (homophone) word facilitates processing of the target (Pollatsek et al, 1992;cf.…”

Section: Phonological Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chace et al, 2005, for a lack of facilitation for less skilled readers). Additionally, there is a preview benefit from homophone and pseudohomophone previews, demonstrated in French (Miellet & Sparrow, 2004), English (Ashby et al, 2006), and even Chinese (Liu et al, 2002;Pollatsek, Tan, & Rayner, 2000;Tsai et al, 2004), which is not an alphabetic language and, therefore, does not always code phonology as transparently through orthography. Henderson et al (1995) found that previews containing phonologically regular initial trigrams (e.g., button) lead to a larger preview benefit effect than do those containing phonologically irregular initial trigrams (e.g., butane).…”

Section: Phonological Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parafoveal processing in reading

Schotter

Angele

Rayner

2011

Atten Percept Psychophys

480

459

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The present review summarizes research investigating how words are identified parafoveally (and foveally) in reading. Parafoveal and foveal processing are compared when no other concurrent task is required (e.g., in singleword recognition tasks) and when both are required simultaneously (e.g., during reading). We first review methodologies used to study parafoveal processing (e.g., corpus analyses and experimental manipulations, including gaze-contingent display change experiments such as the boundary, moving window, moving mask, and fast priming paradigms). We then turn to a discussion of the levels of representation at which words are processed (e.g., orthographic, phonological, morphological, lexical, syntactic, and semantic). Next, we review relevant research regarding parafoveal processing, summarizing the extent to which words are processed at each of those levels of representation. We then review some of the most controversial aspects of parafoveal processing, as they relate to reading: (1) word skipping, (2) parafoveal-on-foveal effects, and (3) n + 1 and n + 2 preview benefit effects. Finally, we summarize two of the most advanced models of eye movements during reading and how they address foveal and parafoveal processing.

show abstract

“…Pollatsek and colleagues found that the fixation times on a target word (e.g., beach) were shorter when the parafoveal preview was a homophonic word (beech) than when it was a nonhomophonic control word (bench) (see also Chace, Rayner & Well, 2005, Miellet & Sparrow, 2004, and Tsai, Lee, Tzeng, Hung, & Yen, 2004, for replications in English, French, and Chinese, respectively). These findings strongly suggest that readers employ phonological codes to integrate information across consecutive saccades.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Transposition effects in reading Japanese Kana: Are they orthographic in nature?

Perea

Nakatani²,

Leeuwen³

2010

Mem Cogn

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

One critical question for the front end of models of visual-word recognition and reading is whether the stage of letter position coding is purely orthographic or whether phonology is (to some degree) involved. To explore this issue, we conducted a silent reading experiment in Japanese Kana-a script in which orthography and phonology can be easily separated-using a technique that is highly sensitive to phonological effects (i.e., Rayner's (1975) [アメリカ]). Thus, these findings offer strong support for the view that letter/mora position coding during silent reading is orthographic in nature.

show abstract

Use of phonological codes for Chinese characters: Evidence from processing of parafoveal preview when reading sentences

Cited by 96 publications

References 45 publications

Linguistic complexity and information structure in Korean: Evidence from eye-tracking during reading☆

Linguistic complexity and information structure in Korean: Evidence from eye-tracking during reading☆

Parafoveal processing in reading

Transposition effects in reading Japanese Kana: Are they orthographic in nature?

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About